HUMAN CELL MUTAGEN FORMATION DURING THE THERMAL DESTRUCTION OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

危险废物热破坏过程中人体细胞诱变剂的形成

• 批准号: 6340895
• 负责人: ADEL F SAROFIM
• 金额: $ 17.53万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6340895
• 关键词: analytical chemistry; analytical method; arsenic; bioassay; biotransformation; carbopolycyclic compound; chlorine; chlorohydrocarbon; chromium; dioxins; engine exhaust; environmental toxicology; fluid; fluorescence; gas chromatography; halobiphenyl /halotriphenyl compound; hazardous substances; industrial waste; laser spectrometry; mutagen testing; mutagens; oxidation; polychlorodibenzofuran; toxicant interaction; waste disposal

Description: The formation of mutagens during the pyrolysis and oxidation of wastes at Superfund sites will be determined in order to provide a basis for assessing the potential risks from high temperature destruction of wastes. The surrogate wastes to be studied have been selected because of their relevance to Superfund sites in general and to the Aberjona site in particular. The products of interest will be: a) PAHs; b) chlorinated mutagens; c) PCBs, which are known precursors to dioxins and dibenzofurans; d) arsenic and chromium submicron aerosols and residual particles. The specific aims of the project being proposed are: (1) To understand and control the chemistry responsible for mutagen formation, by identifying major molecular weight growth pathways which lead to the formation of biologically active species and their polycyclic precursors in combustion and pyrolysis systems, and to gain insight on the effect of chlorine on the chemical pathways of organic by-product formation. (2) To determine the biological activities, using human cell mutation assays, of combustion and pyrolysis products, in order to provide an indication on potential health hazards related to the application of thermal destruction technologies. (3) To test and refine chemical kinetic models which can be used to interpret the experimental results and to forecast product formation in different combustion conditions. (4) To identify parameters that are responsible for variations in the product spectrum, and that are amenable for use in the evaluation of operating windows and the selection of control strategies with the objectives of minimizing health risks, assessed by mutagenicity studies, posed by pyrolytic and oxidative thermal destruction processes. Research activities will define the pathways to soot growth and mutagen formation in oxidative and pyrolytic high-temperature environments, on the effect of chlorine on mutagen formation and distribution, on the influence of temperature on the mechanisms of growth and fragmentation of chemical species. The methods to be used in the proposed studies are: a) Pyrolysis studies will be conducted to determine the effect of temperature and time on product distribution covering the temperature range of 1000 to 250,000; b) A well-stirred/plug-flow reactor combination will establish the relevance of the pyrolysis reaction to combustors studies; c) The modeling activity will use molecular simulation techniques to generalize the results of the pyrolysis studies; d) The design of the bioassay experiments will be used to determine the nature of the mutagens produced under the different conditions; e) Reactor modeling will be used to translate the results to practical systems.

描述：在热解过程中形成诱变剂， 将确定超级基金场地废物的氧化程度，以便 为评估高温的潜在风险提供依据 销毁废物。拟研究的替代废物包括： 之所以选择，是因为它们与一般超级基金网站的相关性， 特别是阿伯乔纳遗址感兴趣的产品将是： a）多环芳烃; B）氯化诱变剂; c）多氯联苯，已知为前体 二恶英和二苯并呋喃; d）砷和铬亚微米气溶胶 和残余颗粒。拟议项目的具体目标 （1）了解和控制化学物质， 诱变剂形成，通过识别主要分子量增长途径 这导致了生物活性物种的形成， 燃烧和热解系统中的多环前体， 深入了解氯对有机物化学途径的影响 副产物形成。(2)为了确定生物活性，使用 人体细胞突变分析，燃烧和热解产物，在 以提供与以下方面有关的潜在健康危害的指示： 热销毁技术的应用。(3)测试和完善 化学动力学模型，可用于解释实验 并预测了不同燃烧条件下的产物生成 条件(4)确定负责 产品谱中的变化，并且适用于 操作窗口的评估和控制策略的选择 通过致突变性评估，旨在最大限度地降低健康风险 热解和氧化热销毁过程造成的。 研究活动将确定烟尘生长和诱变剂的途径 在氧化和热解高温环境中形成， 氯对诱变剂形成和分布的影响， 温度对生长和破碎机制的影响 化学物种。拟议研究中使用的方法 a）将进行热解研究，以确定 温度和时间对产品分布的影响 B）充分搅拌/活塞流反应器 组合将建立热解反应的相关性， 燃烧室研究; c）建模活动将使用分子 模拟技术来概括热解的结果 d）生物测定实验的设计将用于 确定在不同条件下产生的诱变剂的性质 e）反应堆建模将用于转换结果 到实际系统。