Experimental Particle Physics at the University of Edinburgh

爱丁堡大学实验粒子物理

• 批准号: ST/X005984/1
• 负责人: Christos Leonidopoulos
• 金额: $ 98.53万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FX005984%2F1
• 关键词: Experimental; Particle; Physics; University; Edinburgh

The Edinburgh Experimental Particle Physics group is currently working in three different running experiments and we are also working on several future projects.The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC): ATLAS is one of two detectors able to study a wide variety of particles created from the collision of protons at the highest energies ever created, and it addresses fundamental questions. The most well known is that of the origin of mass. The beautiful symmetry which underlies our understanding of particle interactions inherently demands that all particles are massless. This cannot be the case, and the elegant solution put forward is now known as the Higgs mechanism. The discovery of the Higgs boson has verified this, and now we must measure its properties in great detail. Another area addressed by ATLAS is the search for new heavy particles such as new heavy Higgs like particles or supersymmetric particles, which are predicted in models trying to address shortcomings of the Standard Model (SM), such as why there is dark matter.The LHCb experiment at the LHC. Prior to the 1960s, it had been thought that matter and anti-matter would behave in the same way. However, it was discovered that this symmetry was violated, and that matter does not behave in an identical way to anti-matter. This is embodied in the phenomenon of CP violation and is essential to the understanding of the early universe. Shortly after the big bang there were equal amounts of matter and anti-matter. During expansion and cooling, matter and anti-matter would have annihilated into photons to leave a universe full of radiation, but no stars and galaxies. It was shown in 1967 by Sakarov that if three conditions, including CP violation, were met, then it would be possible for a small imbalance of matter over anti-matter to accrue, which would be sufficient to explain the existence of the universe. LHCb measures differences (CP violation) in behaviour of particles and antiparticle with at least one b or anti-b quark and searches for very rare decays of these particles, which could be affected by heavy unobserved particles. The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, which is the world's most sensitive apparatus searching for dark matter. It is well known that some 27% of the Universe is comprised of Dark Matter - that is matter of some form which does not interact in a way that produces radiation, or other easy to observe signatures. There are many theoretical candidates and resolution of this mystery must include the direct detection of our own galactic dark matter. We lead the collaboration's efforts to detect particularly well-motivated possibilities including axions and dark phonons.We have grown our neutrino physics activities in the recent years. One of the most interesting facts of nature is that there are only three species of neutrinos, which until recently were thought to be massless. It is important to measure precisely the "mixing" between the species and to search for CP violation in neutrinos. We have also joined the MicroBooNE and SBND experiments, which will search for new, sterile, neutrinos which interact only via gravity but not with any of the fundamental interactions of the SM.

爱丁堡实验粒子物理小组目前正在进行三个不同的实验，我们也在进行几个未来的项目。大型强子对撞机（LHC）上的ATLAS实验：ATLAS是两个能够研究由最高能量的质子碰撞产生的各种粒子的探测器之一，它解决了一些基本问题。最著名的是质量的起源。美丽的对称性是我们理解粒子相互作用的基础，它本质上要求所有粒子都是无质量的。这是不可能的，而这个优雅的解决方案现在被称为希格斯机制。希格斯玻色子的发现证实了这一点，现在我们必须非常详细地测量它的性质。ATLAS研究的另一个领域是寻找新的重粒子，如新的重希格斯粒子或超对称粒子，这些粒子是在试图解决标准模型（SM）缺陷的模型中预测的，比如为什么会有暗物质。在大型强子对撞机上进行的LHCb实验。在20世纪60年代之前，人们一直认为物质和反物质会以同样的方式运动。然而，人们发现这种对称性被打破了，物质和反物质的行为方式并不相同。这体现在CP违背现象中，对理解早期宇宙至关重要。大爆炸后不久，物质和反物质的数量相等。在膨胀和冷却过程中，物质和反物质会湮灭成光子，留下一个充满辐射的宇宙，但没有恒星和星系。Sakarov在1967年指出，如果满足三个条件，包括CP违反，那么就有可能产生物质对反物质的微小不平衡，这就足以解释宇宙的存在。LHCb测量具有至少一个b或反b夸克的粒子和反粒子的行为差异（CP违逆），并寻找这些粒子的非常罕见的衰变，这些衰变可能受到未观察到的重粒子的影响。LUX-ZEPLIN实验，它是世界上最灵敏的寻找暗物质的仪器。众所周知，大约27%的宇宙是由暗物质组成的——暗物质是某种形式的物质，它不会以一种产生辐射的方式相互作用，也不会产生其他容易观察到的特征。有许多理论候选者，解决这个谜团必须包括直接探测我们银河系的暗物质。我们领导的合作努力，以发现特别好的动机的可能性，包括轴子和暗声子。近年来，我们的中微子物理活动有所增加。自然界最有趣的事实之一是，中微子只有三种，直到最近才被认为是无质量的。精确测量两种粒子之间的“混合”以及在中微子中寻找CP违逆是很重要的。我们还加入了MicroBooNE和SBND实验，它们将寻找新的、无菌的、只通过引力相互作用而不与SM的任何基本相互作用的中微子。

项目成果

Measurements of differential cross sections of Higgs boson production through gluon fusion in the $$H\rightarrow WW^{*}\rightarrow e\nu \mu \nu $$ final state at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

通过胶子聚变产生希格斯玻色子的微分截面测量 $$H ightarrow WW^{*} ightarrow e u mu u $$ 最终状态 $$sqrt{s} = 13$$ TeV

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11873-5
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal C
• 作者: Aad G

Search for pair-produced vector-like top and bottom partners in events with large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

在与 ATLAS 探测器发生 pp 碰撞时，在具有大量缺失横向动量的事件中搜索成对产生的类矢量顶部和底部伙伴

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11790-7
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal C
• 作者: Aad, G.;Abbott, B.;Abbott, D. C.;Abeling, K.;Abidi, S. H.;Aboulhorma, A.;Abramowicz, H.;Abreu, H.;Abulaiti, Y.;Abusleme Hoffman, A. C.
• 通讯作者: Abusleme Hoffman, A. C.

Comparison of inclusive and photon-tagged jet suppression in 5.02 TeV Pb+Pb collisions with ATLAS

与 ATLAS 进行 5.02 TeV Pb Pb 碰撞时包容性射流抑制和光子标记射流抑制的比较

• DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2023.138154
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Physics Letters B
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Aad G