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Revealing the hidden early lives of super-massive black holes

揭示超大质量黑洞隐藏的早期生命

基本信息

批准号：
ST/W003120/1
负责人：
Kenneth Duncan
金额：
$ 74.11万
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2022 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FW003120%2F1
关键词：
Revealing hidden early lives super

项目摘要

At the heart of every massive galaxy in the Universe lies a super-massive black hole (SMBH), some with as much mass as 10 billion Suns crammed into a volume similar to our own solar-system. When these SMBH grow by eating matter from their surroundings, huge amounts of energy are released - making them the most extreme and energetic objects in our Universe. In addition to being fascinating objects in their own right, these SMBH are also believed to play an important role in the evolution of their host galaxies. If we want to completely understand how galaxies such as our own Milky Way came to be, we must therefore also understand the formation and evolution of their central SMBH. In recent years, observational studies have been able explore SMBH formation increasingly far back in cosmic history, revealing surprisingly massive SMBH that were able form in just the first 5% of the current age of the Universe. Crucially however, our understanding of these monsters in the early Universe is limited to only the very brightest optical sources - we are seeing only the tip of the iceberg. The goal of my research program is to build a complete picture of the early stages of SMBH formation - answering the questions of how, when and where the most extreme objects in our Universe were formed. My research will use an extensive new radio sky survey from the pan-European radio telescope, the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), to study actively growing black holes, or Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), throughout cosmic history. The unique power of radio observations is that they can peer through the gas and dust that obscure other signs of black hole accretion, meaning that LOFAR is able to reveal AGN activity that has previously been hidden from us. The combination of LOFAR's sensitivity and observing speed means that it is now discovering an unprecedented sample of AGN in the first 3 billion years of the Universe - the period of cosmic history when the biggest and most extreme SMBH are thought to have formed. While LOFAR offers an enormous leap in our ability to discover AGN activity across cosmic history, there is crucial information about these AGN that cannot be learned from their radio emission alone. We must combine these data with other measurements across the electromagnetic spectrum in order to unlock their full potential. During my Ernest Rutherford Fellowship I will combine the radio imaging of LOFAR with a new generation of complementary astronomical surveys that will enable me to build up a complete statistical picture of how SMBH accretion activity evolved and how this relates to the formation of the host galaxies themselves.Key among these surveys is WEAVE-LOFAR, an extensive five year project to provide optical spectra for over a million LOFAR radio sources, with each of these spectra providing a kind of cosmic fingerprint. The WEAVE-LOFAR observations will provide precise distance information and enable measurements of fundamental physical properties that would otherwise be impossible to obtain, such as the mass of the SMBH or the star-formation and chemical properties of its host galaxy. The enormous samples provided by this combination of datasets are essential if we are to study the full diversity of the SMBH population and discover the rarest and most extreme sources - those which truly test the limits of our understanding.

在宇宙中每个大质量星系的中心都有一个超大质量黑洞(SMBH)，其中一些黑洞的质量相当于100亿个太阳的质量，其体积与我们自己的太阳系相似。当这些SMBH通过吃周围的物质而生长时，大量的能量被释放出来--使它们成为我们宇宙中最极端和最有能量的物体。除了本身就是令人着迷的物体外，这些SMBH还被认为在其宿主星系的演化中发挥了重要作用。如果我们想要完全了解像我们银河系这样的星系是如何形成的，我们也必须了解它们中心SMBH的形成和演化。近年来，观测研究已经能够探索出宇宙历史上越来越久远的SMBH形成，揭示了惊人的巨大SMBH，它们能够在宇宙当前年龄的前5%形成。然而，至关重要的是，我们对早期宇宙中这些怪物的了解仅限于最明亮的光源--我们只看到了冰山一角。我的研究计划的目标是建立SMBH形成早期阶段的完整图景-回答我们宇宙中最极端的物体是如何、何时和在哪里形成的问题。我的研究将使用泛欧射电望远镜低频阵列(LOFAR)进行的广泛的新射电天空测量，来研究整个宇宙历史上活跃增长的黑洞或活跃的星系核(AGN)。射电观测的独特力量在于，它们可以透过掩盖其他黑洞吸积迹象的气体和尘埃进行窥视，这意味着LOFAR能够揭示之前对我们隐藏的活动星系核活动。LOFAR的灵敏度和观测速度的结合意味着，它现在正在发现宇宙前30亿年-宇宙历史上最大、最极端的SMBH形成时期-前所未有的活动星系核样本。虽然LOFAR在我们发现宇宙历史上活动星系核的能力方面有了巨大的飞跃，但关于这些活动星系核的关键信息不能仅从它们的射电发射中获得。我们必须将这些数据与电磁频谱上的其他测量结果结合起来，以释放它们的全部潜力。在我担任欧内斯特·卢瑟福研究员期间，我将把LOFAR的射电成像与新一代补充天文观测结合起来，这将使我能够建立一张完整的统计图像，了解SMBH吸积活动是如何演变的，以及这与宿主星系本身的形成是如何关联的。这些观测中的关键是Weave-LOFAR，这是一个为期五年的广泛项目，为超过100万个LOFAR射电源提供光谱，每个光谱都提供了一种宇宙指纹。Weave-LOFAR观测将提供精确的距离信息，并能够测量原本不可能获得的基本物理性质，如SMBH的质量或其宿主星系的恒星形成和化学性质。如果我们要研究SMBH种群的全部多样性并发现最稀有和最极端的来源--那些真正考验我们理解极限的来源，这种数据集组合提供的巨大样本是必不可少的。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

No strong radio absorption detected in the low-frequency spectra of radio-loud quasars at z > 5.6

在 z > 5.6 的射电强类星体的低频光谱中没有检测到强射电吸收

DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/202347582
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Astronomy & Astrophysics
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Gloudemans A
通讯作者：
Gloudemans A

Galaxy Quenching at the High Redshift Frontier: A Fundamental Test of Cosmological Models in the Early Universe with JWST-CEERS

DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ad0a98
发表时间：
2023-11
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
0
作者：
A. Bluck;C. Conselice;K. Ormerod;J. Piotrowska;N. Adams;D. Austin;J. Caruana;K. Duncan
通讯作者：
A. Bluck;C. Conselice;K. Ormerod;J. Piotrowska;N. Adams;D. Austin;J. Caruana;K. Duncan

Exploring the radio-loudness of SDSS quasars with spectral stacking

利用频谱叠加探索 SDSS 类星体的射电响度