MINORITY PREDOCTORAL FELLOWSHIP

少数族裔博士前奖学金

• 批准号: 6379238
• 负责人: Nicole Yvonne Wicha
• 金额: $ 2.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6379238
• 关键词: cognition; evoked potentials; multilingualism; neuropsychological tests; psycholinguistics

Research for a dissertation topic will take place during the third year of graduate studies, in order to advance to candidacy by the end of the fourth year. The general goal under this fellowship lies in mastering the research techniques for behavioral and event related brain potential (ERP) studies in psycholinguistics. These techniques will allow for investigation into the relationship between language and general cognitive processes, and for an understanding of their underlying neurological structures. The particular focus is on multilingual populations, with the aim of understanding how they differ from monolingual on memory capacity for language, learning and development, the distribution of cognitive resources and the reconciliation of linguistic strategies. There is a long-term gaol of understanding the development of language-related skills in children, and the corresponding development of brain structures and neural processes. Moreover, interest lies in the maintenance, improvement and adaption of these skills over a life-time in both normal and abnormal language growth, as well as the loss of these skills due to neurological insult and aging. The immediate goal of this research proposal is to examine the role of morphological gender in semantic processing of a sentential context. The results of this study can impact our understanding of the relationship between semantic and syntactic information in language processing. Furthermore, it could have theoretical implications for the nature of the processing-breakdown in anomic populations. The relationship between a word-form and the meaning of that word is unclear. However, accessing gender information for a particular word is closely linked to the word-form itself. If gender-marking can assist in the semantic unfolding of an utterance, then perhaps gender-cues can provide a clue as to the point at which the ability to name an object dissociates from the ability to recognize it. The use of psycholinguistic measures of comprehension and performance, such as reaction-time studies with auditory sentence-stimuli in real-time presentation, will provide information about the role of gender cues in both semantic and syntactic processing of a sentence. ERPs will provide information about the neurological time-course of these processes, by indicating, through brain potentials such as the N400, at which point the information provided by gender-marked words influences the meaning of an utterance. Finally, whether gender maintains its effect in semantic processing in bilinguals (e.g. Spanish/English) will be examined.

论文主题的研究将在第三年进行 研究生学习，以推进到候选人的年底， 第四年 这个团契的总目标在于掌握 行为和事件相关脑电位的研究技术 (ERP)心理语言学研究。 这些技术将允许 语言与一般语言关系的研究 认知过程，并了解其潜在的 神经结构 特别注重多语种 人口，目的是了解他们如何不同， 单语对语言、学习和发展的记忆能力， 认知资源的分配与协调 语言策略 有一个长期的监狱理解 发展儿童的语言技能， 大脑结构和神经过程的相应发展。 此外，利益在于维护、改进和调整 在正常和非正常语言中， 生长，以及由于神经损伤而丧失这些技能 和衰老。这项研究计划的直接目标是研究 形态性别在动词语义加工中作用 上下文 这项研究的结果可能会影响我们对 语言中语义信息与句法信息的关系 处理. 此外，它还可能对 失范群体中的加工故障的性质。 的 一个词的形式和这个词的意义之间的关系是 不清楚 然而，获取特定单词的性别信息 与词的形式本身有着密切的联系。 如果性别标记可以帮助 在话语的语义展开中，那么也许性别线索可以 提供了一个线索，在这一点上， 与识别它的能力无关。使用 理解和表现的心理语言学测量，如 实时听觉刺激反应时研究 介绍，将提供有关性别线索的作用， 句子的语义和句法处理。 ERP将提供 关于这些过程的神经学时间过程的信息， 通过脑电位如N400来指示 性别标记词所提供的信息影响着意义 一个话语。 最后，性别是否在 双语（例如西班牙语/英语）的语义处理将是 考察