ALCOHOL'S ROLE IN DECISIONS TO DRIVE AFTER DRINKING

这项提议的项目的具体目的是通过一个实验设计来检验酒精在醉酒驾车决策中的作用。参与者将喝一杯酒精、非酒精或安慰剂饮料，然后阅读一段插曲，其中主角需要决定是否在饮酒后开车。有三个版本的小插曲，不同的提示鼓励或阻止演员开车。参与者将评估角色对酒后驾车的意图和态度，以及如果他们处于同样的情况下，他们自己的意图和态度。基于酒精对认知过程的药理学效应(Steele&Josephs，1990；Taylor&Chermack，1993)和酒精预期(Pernanen，1993)的理论，我们将考察酒精消费和酒精预期设定的影响。还将调查个体差异在认知功能和个人饮酒预期中的作用。这一结果将有助于酒精对人类思维和行为影响的理论，以及防止醉酒驾驶的编程。

The specific aim of the proposed project is to examine alcohol's involvement in the decision to drive when intoxicated, using an experimental design. Participants will drink either an alcoholic, non- alcoholic, or a placebo beverage, then read a vignette in which the main character needs to decide whether or not to drive after drinking. There are 3 versions of the vignette, which vary cues which encourage or discourage the actor to drive. Participants will evaluate the character's intentions and attitudes about drinking and driving, as well as their own intentions and attitudes if they were in the same situation. Based on theories of alcohol's pharmacological effects on cognitive processing (Steele & Josephs, 1990; Taylor & Chermack, 1993) and alcohol expectancies (Pernanen, 1993), both alcohol consumption and alcohol expectancy set effects will be examined. The roles of individual differences in cognitive functioning and individually-held alcohol expectancies will also be investigated. Results will contribute to theories of alcohol's effects on human thinking and behavior, as well as to programming to prevent driving when intoxicated.