Alcohol and Women's Health Risk Reduction: An Innovative Experimental Approach

酒精与女性健康风险降低：一种创新的实验方法

• 批准号: 7990063
• 负责人: TINA M ZAWACKI
• 金额: $ 22.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SAN ANTONIO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-20 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7990063
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Characteristics; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Decision Making; Goals; Health; Incidence; Individual; Intoxication; Laboratories; Life; Measures; Mediation; Methods; Modeling; Myopia; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Placebos; Play; Prevention program; Public Health; Research; Risk; Risk Reduction; Risk Reduction Behavior; Risk-Taking; Role; Safe Sex; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Simulate; Social Interaction; Surveys; Testing; Training; Unsafe Sex; Videotape; Woman; Women' s Health; abstracting; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; condoms; design; drinking; innovation; male; programs; public health relevance; research study; response; safer sex; sex; skills; sobriety; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract: The goal of the proposed research is to reduce the risk of sexually transmitted diseases by delineating the mechanisms through which alcohol affects risk reduction behavioral skills. Rates of sexually transmitted diseases remain high. Survey research suggests that young women are not skilled at behaviors that reduce this risk, and alcohol consumption may further impair these behavioral skills. Although previous studies have contributed valuable information about alcohol's relationship to unsafe sex, there is a paucity of experimental research involving actual behavioral responses during social interactions. The proposed study utilizes experimental methods in order to investigate alcohol's effects on women's behavioral skills at negotiating safe sex during a face-to-face role-play with an opposite-sex actor. The theoretical underpinnings of the proposed research are the Cognitive Mediation Model of Sexual Decision Making (Norris, Masters, & Zawacki, 2004), Alcohol Myopia Theory (Taylor & Leonard, 1983), and Alcohol Expectancy Theory (MacAndrew & Edgerton, 1969). The proposed study is a laboratory experiment using a 3 (Alcohol condition of participant: No Alcohol, Placebo, Alcohol - .08 BAC) X 2 (Relationship Context: New, Established) design. Alcohol consumption and characteristics of the role-play contexts are manipulated in the proposed laboratory experiment. Manipulated characteristics of the role-play reflect aspects of sexual decision-making that may create response conflict for women. Theories about alcohol's effects on cognition suggest that it is high response conflict situations that are especially vulnerable to alcohol-related risk taking. Each laboratory session will be videotaped and coded in order to assess participants' risk reduction behavior during the role-play. Self-report dependent measures will assess constructs of a recently developed Cognitive Mediation Model so that its utility in explaining alcohol- involved risk taking can be tested. Prior to the laboratory session, participants' alcohol expectancies will be assessed as a potential moderator of alcohol's effects on participants' negotiation behavior and cognitive model variables. The study paradigm was designed to simulate real situations in which safer-sex negotiations commonly occur. The results can be used to develop prevention programs that reduce women's risk taking when drinking. These results will be most informative for programs aimed at the reduction of risk for sexually transmitted diseases. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: PROJECT NARRATIVE: Sexually transmitted diseases pose an increasingly serious health threat to women, and alcohol consumption may increase women's risky decision-making and behavior with regard to these risks. The proposed project will examine this major public health concern by studying the influence of alcohol on risk reduction skills.

描述（由申请人提供）： 项目概要/摘要：这项研究的目的是通过描述酒精影响降低风险行为技能的机制来降低性传播疾病的风险。性传播疾病的发病率仍然很高。调查研究表明，年轻女性不擅长降低这种风险的行为，饮酒可能会进一步损害这些行为技能。虽然以前的研究提供了关于酒精与不安全性行为关系的有价值的信息，但涉及社会交往中实际行为反应的实验研究很少。这项拟议中的研究利用实验方法，以调查酒精对妇女的行为技能的影响，在谈判安全性行为在面对面的角色扮演与异性演员。这项研究的理论基础是性决策的认知中介模型（诺里斯，马斯特斯，Zawacki，2004），酒精近视理论（泰勒和伦纳德，1983）和酒精期望理论（麦克安德鲁和埃杰顿，1969）。拟议的研究是一项实验室实验，使用3（参与者的酒精条件：无酒精，安慰剂，酒精-0.08 BAC）X 2（关系背景：新的，已建立的）设计。酒精消费和角色扮演的背景下的特点操纵在拟议的实验室实验。角色扮演的操纵特征反映了性决策的各个方面，这些方面可能会为女性创造反应冲突。关于酒精对认知的影响的理论表明，高反应的冲突情况特别容易受到与酒精有关的冒险行为的影响。每个实验室会议将被录像和编码，以评估参与者在角色扮演过程中的风险降低行为。自我报告依赖的措施将评估最近开发的认知中介模型的结构，使其在解释酒精涉及的风险承担的效用可以测试。在实验室会议之前，参与者的酒精预期将被评估为酒精对参与者的谈判行为和认知模型变量的影响的潜在调节剂。研究范式旨在模拟真实的情况下，更安全的性谈判通常发生。研究结果可用于制定预防计划，减少女性饮酒时的风险。这些结果将为旨在减少性传播疾病风险的方案提供最丰富的信息。 公共卫生关系： 项目叙述：性传播疾病对妇女的健康构成越来越严重的威胁，饮酒可能增加妇女在这些风险方面的风险决策和行为。拟议的项目将通过研究酒精对降低风险技能的影响来审查这一重大公共卫生问题。