权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Alcohol, Relationships and Risk: Women and HIV

酒精、人际关系和风险：女性和艾滋病毒

基本信息

批准号：
8433419
负责人：
TINA M ZAWACKI
金额：
$ 34.68万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SAN ANTONIO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-03-01 至 2015-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8433419
关键词：
Achievement Address Affect Alcohol consumption Alcohols Attention Behavior Behavioral Belief Characteristics Code Cognitive Cues Data Decision Making Development Funding Future Goals Grant HIV HIV Infections HIV risk Health Incidence Individual Individual Differences Intoxication Laboratories Life Measures Mediation Methods Modeling Motivation Myopia Outcome Participant Patient Self-Report Placebos Prevention program Productivity Protocols documentation Public Health Recording of previous events Research Resources Risk Risk Assessment Risk Reduction Risk Reduction Behavior Risk-Taking Series Sexual Partners Simulate Social Interaction Surveys Testing TimeLine Training Videotape Woman alcohol effect alcohol expectancy career career development condoms design drinking improved innovation man men programs public health relevance research study response safer sex sex sex risk skills sobriety theories transmission process young woman

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed research is to reduce women's HIV infection by delineating the mechanisms through which alcohol affects sex risk reduction behavioral skills. Rates of sexual risk taking behavior remain high among women who have sex with men. Survey research suggests that young women are not skilled at HIV risk appraisal and behaviors that reduce sex risk, and alcohol consumption may further impair these skills. Although previous studies have contributed valuable information about alcohol's relationship to sexual risk taking, there is a paucity of experimental research involving actual behavioral responses during social interactions. The proposed research utilizes innovative experimental methods in order to investigate alcohol's effects on women's HIV risk appraisal and behavioral skills at negotiating condom use during live social interactions. The theoretical underpinnings of the proposed research are the Cognitive Mediation Model of Sexual Decision Making (Norris, Masters, & Zawacki, 2004), Alcohol Myopia Theory (Taylor & Leonard, 1983), and Alcohol Expectancy Theory (MacAndrew & Edgerton, 1969). Intoxication of participants and characteristics social interactions are manipulated in a series of 3 proposed laboratory experiments. Manipulated characteristics of the social interactions reflect aspects of sexual decision making relevant to women. Each laboratory session will be videotaped and coded in order to assess participants' behavior during the social interactions. Self-report dependent measures will assess constructs of a recently developed Cognitive Mediation Model so that its utility in explaining alcohol-involved sexual risk taking can be tested. Prior to the experimental protocol, participants' relationship motivation and alcohol expectancies will be assessed as a potential moderator of alcohol's effects on participants' risk appraisal, negotiation behavior, and cognitive model variables. The study paradigms were designed to simulate real situations in which HIV risk appraisal and safer-sex negotiations commonly occur. The results can be used to develop prevention programs that reduce women's sexual risk taking when drinking. These results will be most informative for prevention programs targeting young women who have sex with men, who are a group at significant risk for negative outcomes of sexual risk taking such as HIV transmission.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目标是通过描述酒精影响性风险降低行为技能的机制来减少妇女的艾滋病毒感染。在与男性发生性关系的妇女中，性冒险行为的发生率仍然很高。调查研究表明，年轻妇女不擅长艾滋病毒风险评估和减少性风险的行为，饮酒可能进一步损害这些技能。虽然以前的研究提供了关于酒精与性冒险关系的有价值的信息，但涉及社会交往中实际行为反应的实验研究很少。拟议的研究利用创新的实验方法，以调查酒精对妇女的艾滋病毒风险评估和行为技能的影响，在谈判中使用安全套在现场的社会交往。这项研究的理论基础是性决策的认知中介模型（诺里斯，马斯特斯，Zawacki，2004），酒精近视理论（泰勒和伦纳德，1983）和酒精期望理论（麦克安德鲁和埃杰顿，1969）。在一系列3个拟议的实验室实验中操纵参与者的中毒和特征社会互动。社会互动的操纵特征反映了与女性相关的性决策的各个方面。每个实验室会议将被录像和编码，以评估参与者在社会交往中的行为。自我报告依赖的措施将评估最近开发的认知中介模型的结构，使其在解释酒精参与性冒险的效用可以测试。在实验方案之前，参与者的关系动机和酒精预期将被评估为酒精对参与者的风险评估，谈判行为和认知模型变量的影响的潜在调节剂。研究范例的设计是为了模拟真实的情况下，艾滋病毒的风险评估和安全性行为的谈判通常发生。研究结果可用于制定预防计划，减少女性饮酒时的性风险。这些结果将为针对与男性发生性关系的年轻妇女的预防方案提供最丰富的信息，这些年轻妇女是一个面临艾滋病毒传播等性风险的负面后果的重大风险群体。