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Neural Substrates of Concept Learning

概念学习的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
6360122
负责人：
CAROL A SEGER
金额：
$ 7.25万
依托单位：
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2001-09-01 至 2003-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6360122
关键词：
behavioral /social science research tag brain metabolism clinical research concept corpus striatum functional magnetic resonance imaging human subject learning psychological models

项目摘要

Concept learning is learning about the regularities or patterns that separate stimuli into different groups, or concepts. The overall aim of this project is to differentiate between forms of concept learning and their constituent subprocesses through the identification of participating neural systems using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). The first aim is to dissociate the neural substrates of rule learning (classifying on the basis of a verbalizable rule, such as "always choose the blue stimulus") from exemplar learning (classifying on the basis of similarity to previously learned stimuli), and to compare the brain activity of learners with persons who fail to learn. The second aim is to dissociate the neural systems underlying rule formation from rule application. Rule learning is dependent on executive functions subserved by the frontal lobes, and thus these studies have the potential to elucidate the pattern of deficits seen in patients with frontal lobe damage due to stroke or traumatic brain injury. The third aim is to related recruitment of striatal brain structures in concept learning to the degree that a probabilistic relationship exists between a stimulus and its concept membership. Because the striatum is damaged in disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, this study may provide insight into the types of learning problems seen in patients with these diseases.

概念学习是学习将刺激分为不同组或概念的规律或模式。该项目的总体目标是通过使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）识别参与的神经系统来区分概念学习的形式及其组成子过程。第一个目标是将规则学习（根据可语言规则进行分类，例如“总是选择蓝色刺激”）与范例学习（根据与先前学习的刺激的相似性进行分类）的神经基础分开，并将学习者与学习失败者的大脑活动进行比较。第二个目标是将规则形成背后的神经系统与规则应用分离。规则学习依赖于额叶所支持的执行功能，因此这些研究有可能阐明因中风或创伤性脑损伤而导致额叶损伤的患者的缺陷模式。第三个目标是将概念学习中纹状体大脑结构的募集关联到刺激与其概念成员之间存在概率关系的程度。由于纹状体在帕金森病和亨廷顿病等疾病中受损，因此这项研究可能有助于深入了解这些疾病患者的学习问题类型。