NEW PARADIGMS IN TISSUE VIBRATION FOR DIAGNOSTIC METHODS

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：主要目的 这项研究是为了发展理论理解的新范式， 生物组织低频振动的实验测量 频率范围 需要强调的是，这项研究并不是为了发展 与超声或其他现有成像方法竞争的新成像方法 方法. 相反，研究人员提出了一项基础研究， 生物组织振动可以提供关于 这可能无法通过单纯的“结构”成像来访问。 了解组织振动行为有望有助于 开发全新的技术，提供高灵敏度， 特异性、降低的成本和更大的便携性。 例如，请考虑 一个手持的廉价设备的可能性，在几秒钟内使用 听得见的声音，可以无痛，准确地诊断条件，如 肺萎陷、肠穿孔或严重的颈动脉闭塞。 这 低的可听频率范围是令人感兴趣的， 心血管、肺、胃肠道和肌肉骨骼系统 主要由低于1 kHz的频谱内容主导。 此外，“积极” 诊断方法，如声弹性成像，外部引入 在低可听频率范围内的振动能量，并测量产生的 组织反应 为了理性地探讨度量的意义， 复杂的声信号，关键是要知道的效果， 介入组织（例如，皮肤、筋膜、脂肪）在调节 信号产生和检测之间。 尽管财富 在低频范围内存在的信息， 价值，低可听频率波振动的基本方面， 对生物组织了解甚少。 在几kHz以下，都是压缩， 剪切、表面和层间表面波传播可能是显著， 高度依赖于组织特性。 PI的最新初步研究 这个团队的成员已经导致了对这种振动的更好的理解， 声学问题。 本研究提出了创新性的实施， 理论，计算和实验技术，目前用于 非生物振动流派，以进一步提高我们对低 频率组织振动在复杂的生物条件，以奠定 为发展新的诊断方法奠定基础。 是 预期组织振动的新理论范例 通过创新的测量方法，最终可以改善诊断 疾病的能力，将在至少六个领域， 不同的NIH研究所：NCI，NHLBI，NIA，NIAMS，NIDDK和NINDS。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): The primary objective of this research is to develop new paradigms of theoretical understanding and experimental measurement of vibration of biological tissue in the low audible frequency range. It is emphasized that this research is not meant to develop new imaging methodologies to compete with ultrasound or other existing methods. Instead, the investigators are proposing a fundamental study of biological tissue vibration that could provide additional information about "function" that may not be accessible by mere "structural" imaging. Understanding tissue vibratory behavior is expected to contribute to the development of entirely new techniques offering high sensitivity and specificity, reduced cost and greater portability. For example, consider the possibility of a hand-held inexpensive device that, in a few seconds using audible sound, could painlessly and accurately diagnose conditions such as a collapsed lung, a perforated gut, or severity of a carotid occlusion. This low audible frequency range is of interest since internal vibratory sources of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal systems are dominated by spectral content below 1 kHz. Additionally, " active" diagnostic methods, such as sonoelastic imaging, externally introduce vibratory energy in the low audible frequency range and measure the resulting tissue response. In order to rationally explore the meaning of the measured complex acoustic signals, it is critical to know the effect that the intervening tissue (for example, skin, fascia, fat) has in modulating the signal between generation and detection. In spite of the wealth of information present in the low-frequency range that can be of great diagnostic value, fundamental aspects of low audible frequency wave vibration in biological tissue are poorly understood. Below a few kHz, both compression, shear, surface and interlayer surface wave propagation can be significant and highly dependent on tissue properties. Recent preliminary research of the PI and members of this team has led to an improved understanding of this vibro- acoustic problem. This study proposes the innovative implementation of theoretical, computational and experimental techniques, currently used in nonbiological vibration genres, to further enhance our understanding of low frequency tissue vibration in a complex biological condition in order to lay the groundwork for the development of new diagnostic methods. It is anticipated that the new theoretical paradigms in tissue vibration coupled with innovative measurement methods could eventually improve the diagnostic capabilities for diseases that would be within the domain of at least six different NIH institutes: NCI, NHLBI, NIA, NIAMS, NIDDK, and NINDS.