ANIMAL NMR AND RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING

纪念斯隆-凯特琳癌症中心的研究重点是癌症诊断和增强肿瘤对治疗的反应，目标是治愈癌症。新型癌症疗法的动物研究虽然作为治疗模型并不完美，但在研究治疗功效和毒性方面都具有实用性。 由于肿瘤是异质性的，无论是在个体之间还是在单个肿瘤内，非侵入性成像研究是必要的，以提供有关反应变化的信息。我们建议使用三种成像技术，核磁共振（NMR），正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和定量放射自显影（QAR）来研究与癌症治疗相关的各种主题。选择这三种成像技术是基于它们密切相关的事实。PET和QAR研究具有协同作用，因为QAR可用于筛选和评估可能成为PET潜在放射性药物的新化合物。QAR和NMR都可以评价血流量和血管通透性。PET和NMR可用于研究肿瘤代谢，临床上通常以互补的方式使用。研究的项目范围包括预测肿瘤对治疗的反应，放射免疫治疗的剂量测定，药理学，基因治疗，肿瘤代谢，以及评估对新型细胞抑制剂的反应。特别是，我们专注于新的治疗方法，如基因治疗，新的“设计师”药物，正在进行早期临床试验，但缺乏终点，因为他们是细胞抑制。 这项研究工作的一个重要组成部分是成像开发工作。核磁共振研究将集中在设计更好的射频探针，提高光谱分辨率，定量和图像处理。PET研究的重点是建模，特别是放射性标记的单克隆抗体，图像处理和空间配准。Blasberg博士将扩展他以前在QAR方面的新进展，并使用4种同位素同时研究肿瘤内4种不同的生理或生化过程。领导将来自成像科学家（Koutcher博士，Blasberg博士和Larson博士）以及分子药理学小组。这两个小组之间的每月会议被认为是至关重要的，以决定哪些问题是重要的，适当的成像技术来解决。一个技术委员会还评估新的成像技术以供考虑。

Research at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center is focused on cancer diagnosis and enhancing responses of tumor to treatment with a goal of curing cancer. Animal studies of novel cancer therapeutics, while imperfect as a treatment model, have utility, both in studying therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. Because tumors are heterogenous, both between individuals and within a single tumor, non-invasive imaging studies are necessary to provide information about variation in response. We propose to use three imaging technologies, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), positron emission tomography (PET), and quantitative autoradiography (QAR) to study a diverse range of topics that relate to cancer treatment. The three imaging techniques chosen were based on the fact that they are closely related. PET and QAR studies are synergistic, since QAR can be used to screen and evaluate new compounds that may be potential radiopharmaceuticals for PET. QAR and NMR both can evaluate blood flow and vascular permeability. PET and NMR can be used to investigate tumor metabolism, and clinically are often used in a complementary manner. The range of projects studied include predicting tumor response to treatment, dosimetry for radioimmunotherapy, pharmacology, gene therapy, tumor metabolism, and evaluating responses to novel cytostatic agents. In particular, we have focused on novel treatments, such as gene therapy, new "designer" drugs that are undergoing early clinical trials but lack endpoints since they are cytostatic. An important component of this research effort is in the imaging development effort. NMR studies will focus on designing better radiofrequency probes, enhancing spectral resolution, quantitation and image processing. PET research focuses on modeling, particularly of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies, image processing and spatial registration. Dr. Blasberg will extend his previous novel developments in QAR and use 4 isotopes to study 4 different physiologic or biochemical processes within a tumor concurrently. Leadership will come from the imaging scientists (Drs. Koutcher, Blasberg and Larson) and also from the molecular pharmacology group. Monthly meetings between these two groups are viewed as essential to decide which problems are important and appropriate to be addressed by imaging technology. A Technology Committee also evaluate new imaging technologies for consideration.