Scene Perception and visual Memory

自然场景的视觉感知是一个动态的过程，在这个过程中，眼睛和注意力的运动选择了局部物体。场景感知的选择性对场景视觉表征的构建有很强的限制，因为之前选择的项目必须保留在记忆中，并整合成一个整体的场景表征。本研究的目的是探讨在观看自然场景时所建构的视觉表征的本质。变化检测和强迫选择歧视程序将用于调查四个主要问题。首先，视觉表征是否会随着注意力从物体上移开而衰退？注意一个物体是否是检测该物体变化的必要条件？第二，变更检测的限制（即变更盲目性）是否仅仅来自视觉记忆的约束，或者检索和比较约束是否在变更检测失败中起作用？第三，物体信息的检索在多大程度上受空间位置的调节。第四，在观看自然场景时，对局部物体的视觉记忆衰减得有多快？本研究将有助于确定自然场景视觉记忆的特异性、视觉记忆注意之间的关系以及视觉记忆的编码和提取机制。

The visual perception of natural scenes is a dynamic process during which local objects are selected by movements of the eyes and attention. The selective nature of scene perception paces strong constraints on the construction of a visual representation of a scene, as previously selected items must be retained in memory and integrated to form a representation of the scene as a whole. The goal of the proposed research is to investigate the nature of the visual representation constructed during the viewing of natural scenes. Change detection and forced-choice discrimination procedures will be used to investigate four primary questions. First, do visual representations decay upon the withdrawal of attention from an object, and is attending to an object a necessary condition for detecting change to that object? Second, do limitations on change detection (i.e. change blindness) derive solely from constraints on visual memory or do retrieval and comparison constraints play a role in change detection failure? Third, to what extent is the retrieval of object information mediated by spatial position. Fourth, how quickly does visual memory for a local object decay during the viewing of a natural scene? This research will help to determine the specificity of visual memory for natural scenes, the relationship between visual memory attention, and the mechanisms of visual memory encoding and retrieval.