Eye Movements and Visual Working Memory

描述（由申请人提供）：智能，目标导向的行为取决于眼睛有效地定位到世界上与任务相关的物体。在以前的工作中，我们已经证明，视觉工作记忆（VWM）系统施加自上而下的控制扫视目标的选择，引导眼睛的目标相关的对象。在扫视之前，扫视目标的特征被编码到VWM中。这些信息在扫视过程中被保留下来，并在眼睛着陆时与物体信息进行比较。在通常情况下，眼睛不能落在原始目标上，目标的记忆属性被用来引导注意力和凝视，自动地，朝向匹配的对象，确保眼睛被有效地引导到原始目标。这种特定行为反映了扫视目标选择和VWM之间的一般交互关系：选择扫视目标对象控制编码到VWM中，并且VWM的内容反过来使扫视目标选择偏向于与存储在记忆中的特征相匹配的对象。在本项目中，我们建议探索VWM和眼跳目标选择之间的相互作用的轨迹。我们将测试这一假设，即VWM激活影响低层次的感觉处理的扫视目标，甚至影响最迅速和最基本的形式的扫视定向。此外，我们建议检查VWM和注视控制之间的相互作用的核心处理组件，包括1）的能力，以适应VWM内容和注意力偏差的基础上不断变化的任务需求和2）的机制，扫视目标属性编码在VWM。最后，我们将开发一个神经场模型，整合现有的模型眼动规划和模型的VWM，提供一个正式的框架来理解它们之间的关系。这些研究将促进我们对凝视控制的基本机制的理解，这些机制支持与世界上的物体和代理进行有效的交互。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Intelligent, goal-directed behavior depends on orienting the eyes efficiently to task-relevant objects in the world. In previous work, we have demonstrated that the visual working memory (VWM) system exerts top-down control over saccade target selection, guiding the eyes to goal-relevant objects. Before a saccade, features of the saccade target are encoded into VWM. These are retained across the saccade and compared with object information when the eyes land. In the common circumstance that the eyes fail to land on the original target, remembered properties of the target are used to guide attention and gaze, automatically, toward a matching object, ensuring that the eyes are directed efficiently to the original target. This specific behavior reflects a general interactive relationship between saccade target selection and VWM: Selection of the saccade target object controls encoding into VWM, and the content of VWM, in turn, biases saccade target selection in favor of objects that match the features stored in memory. In the present project, we propose to explore the locus of the interaction between VWM and saccade target selection. We will test the hypothesis that VWM activation influences low-level sensory processing of saccade targets, influencing even the most rapid and elementary forms of saccadic orienting. In addition, we propose to examine core processing components of the interaction between VWM and gaze control, including 1) the ability to adapt VWM content and attentional biases on the basis of changing task demands and 2) the mechanisms by which saccade target properties are encoded in VWM. Finally, we will develop a neural field model that integrates current models eye movement planning and models of VWM, providing a formal framework for understanding their relationship. These studies will advance our understanding of the basic mechanisms of gaze control that support efficient interaction with objects and agents in the world.