Eye Movements and Visual Working Memory

描述（由申请人提供）：智能的，目标导向的行为取决于有效地将眼睛定位到世界上与任务相关的物体上。在之前的研究中，我们已经证明了视觉工作记忆（VWM）系统对扫视目标选择施加自上而下的控制，引导眼睛找到与目标相关的物体。在进行扫视之前，扫视目标的特征被编码到VWM中。这些信息被保存在整个扫视过程中，并在眼睛着陆时与物体信息进行比较。在眼睛没有落在原始目标上的常见情况下，利用目标的记忆属性自动引导注意力和凝视到匹配的物体上，确保眼睛有效地指向原始目标。这种特定的行为反映了扫视目标选择和VWM之间的一般交互关系：扫视目标对象的选择控制编码到VWM中，而VWM的内容反过来又使扫视目标选择偏向于与存储在内存中的特征匹配的对象。在本项目中，我们拟探索视差调制与扫视目标选择之间相互作用的轨迹。我们将测试VWM激活影响扫视目标的低水平感觉加工的假设，甚至影响最快速和最基本的扫视定向形式。此外，研究人员还提出了VWM与注视控制交互的核心加工成分，包括：1)在任务需求变化的基础上适应VWM内容和注意偏差的能力；2)在VWM中编码扫视目标属性的机制。最后，我们将开发一个神经场模型，该模型集成了当前眼动规划模型和VWM模型，为理解它们之间的关系提供了一个正式的框架。这些研究将促进我们对注视控制的基本机制的理解，这些机制支持与世界上的物体和代理进行有效的互动。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Intelligent, goal-directed behavior depends on orienting the eyes efficiently to task-relevant objects in the world. In previous work, we have demonstrated that the visual working memory (VWM) system exerts top-down control over saccade target selection, guiding the eyes to goal-relevant objects. Before a saccade, features of the saccade target are encoded into VWM. These are retained across the saccade and compared with object information when the eyes land. In the common circumstance that the eyes fail to land on the original target, remembered properties of the target are used to guide attention and gaze, automatically, toward a matching object, ensuring that the eyes are directed efficiently to the original target. This specific behavior reflects a general interactive relationship between saccade target selection and VWM: Selection of the saccade target object controls encoding into VWM, and the content of VWM, in turn, biases saccade target selection in favor of objects that match the features stored in memory. In the present project, we propose to explore the locus of the interaction between VWM and saccade target selection. We will test the hypothesis that VWM activation influences low-level sensory processing of saccade targets, influencing even the most rapid and elementary forms of saccadic orienting. In addition, we propose to examine core processing components of the interaction between VWM and gaze control, including 1) the ability to adapt VWM content and attentional biases on the basis of changing task demands and 2) the mechanisms by which saccade target properties are encoded in VWM. Finally, we will develop a neural field model that integrates current models eye movement planning and models of VWM, providing a formal framework for understanding their relationship. These studies will advance our understanding of the basic mechanisms of gaze control that support efficient interaction with objects and agents in the world.