Eye Movements and Visual Working Memory

描述(由申请人提供)：聪明、目标导向的行为依赖于有效地将眼睛定向到世界上与任务相关的物体上。在以前的工作中，我们已经证明了视觉工作记忆(VWM)系统对眼跳目标的选择实施自上而下的控制，将眼睛引导到与目标相关的物体。在扫视之前，扫视目标的特征被编码到VWM中。这些信息在整个扫视过程中被保留下来，并与眼睛落地时的物体信息进行比较。在眼睛不能落在原始目标上的常见情况下，目标的记忆属性被用来自动地引导注意力并凝视匹配的对象，确保眼睛有效地指向原始目标。该特定行为反映了扫视目标选择和VWM之间的一般交互关系：对扫视目标对象的选择控制到VWM中的编码，并且VWM的内容反过来使扫视目标选择偏向于与存储在存储器中的特征匹配的对象。在本项目中，我们打算探索视觉工作记忆和扫视目标选择之间的相互作用的轨迹。我们将检验这样一种假设，即VWM的激活影响眼跳目标的低水平感觉处理，甚至影响最快速和最基本的眼跳定向形式。此外，我们建议检验视觉工作记忆与凝视控制之间交互作用的核心加工成分，包括：1)根据不断变化的任务要求调整视觉工作记忆内容和注意偏向的能力；2)视觉视觉记忆对眼跳目标属性进行编码的机制。最后，我们将开发一个神经场模型，该模型集成了现有的眼动规划模型和VWM模型，为理解它们之间的关系提供了一个正式的框架。这些研究将促进我们对凝视控制的基本机制的理解，这些机制支持我们与世界上的物体和智能体进行有效的互动。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Intelligent, goal-directed behavior depends on orienting the eyes efficiently to task-relevant objects in the world. In previous work, we have demonstrated that the visual working memory (VWM) system exerts top-down control over saccade target selection, guiding the eyes to goal-relevant objects. Before a saccade, features of the saccade target are encoded into VWM. These are retained across the saccade and compared with object information when the eyes land. In the common circumstance that the eyes fail to land on the original target, remembered properties of the target are used to guide attention and gaze, automatically, toward a matching object, ensuring that the eyes are directed efficiently to the original target. This specific behavior reflects a general interactive relationship between saccade target selection and VWM: Selection of the saccade target object controls encoding into VWM, and the content of VWM, in turn, biases saccade target selection in favor of objects that match the features stored in memory. In the present project, we propose to explore the locus of the interaction between VWM and saccade target selection. We will test the hypothesis that VWM activation influences low-level sensory processing of saccade targets, influencing even the most rapid and elementary forms of saccadic orienting. In addition, we propose to examine core processing components of the interaction between VWM and gaze control, including 1) the ability to adapt VWM content and attentional biases on the basis of changing task demands and 2) the mechanisms by which saccade target properties are encoded in VWM. Finally, we will develop a neural field model that integrates current models eye movement planning and models of VWM, providing a formal framework for understanding their relationship. These studies will advance our understanding of the basic mechanisms of gaze control that support efficient interaction with objects and agents in the world.