DRUG USE AMONG YOUNG INDIANS--EPIDEMIOLOGY & PREDICTION

描述（申请人摘要）：该项目将持续25年 监测工作，评估药物使用的水平和模式， 在保留地学校上学的美国印第安青少年。的每一年 一个为期五年的项目，2000名印度青年的代表性样本， 在他们的学校教室里进行一次全面的毒品使用调查。在 此外，调查还将包括关于暴力、受害情况、 和犯罪行为这些数据将用作 对这些行为进行长期监控。该项目还将首次 时间，确定美国人使用毒品，暴力和受害的比率 在俄克拉荷马州历史悠久的印第安人土地上， 每年有1500名学生参加。的目的 监测工作是观察随时间的变化，准确地描述 这些领域，以提供深入了解毒品使用，暴力和 受害者的影响，并为那些设计和评估 干预努力。分层线性模型将用于提供 无偏估计率和标准误差，并比较保留 印第安青年和俄克拉荷马州印第安青年与美国农村青年。此外，本发明还 该项目包含评估风险水平和模式的广泛尺度， 吸毒、暴力和受害的保护因素。一系列 结构方程模型将用于研究 这些结果行为和社会（家庭制裁，同伴， 药物协会）和情绪困扰（焦虑，抑郁，疏远， 愤怒）领域，并评估对这些年龄模型的调节作用， 性别、家庭支持、学校适应和文化认同。最终 该项目的目标是根据项目提出一系列建议， 调查结果，用于设计毒品，酒精和暴力预防方案， 对美国印第安人青年特别有效。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's abstract): This project will continue a 25 year surveillance effort assessing the levels and patterns of substance use among American Indian adolescents attending reservation schools. Each year of the five-year project a representative sample of 2000 Indian youth living on will be given a comprehensive drug use survey in their school classroom. In addition, the survey will contain questions regarding violence, victimization and delinquent behaviors. These data will be used as the beginning phase of a long-term surveillance of these behaviors. The project will also, for the first time, determine rates of drug use, violence and victimization among American Indian students in the historic Indian lands in Oklahoma by surveying a representative sample of 1500 students each year. The purposes of the surveillance work are to observe changes over time, to accurately describe these domains, to provide insight into the nature of drug use, violence and victimization and to inform the efforts of those designing and evaluating intervention efforts. Hierarchical Linear Modeling will be use to provide unbiased estimates of rates and standard errors and to compare reservation Indian youth and Oklahoma Indian youth with rural American youth. Additionally, the project contains extensive scales assessing levels and patterns of risk and protective factors for drug use, violence and victimization. A series of Structural Equation Models will be used to study the relationships between these outcome behaviors and the predictors of social (family sanctions, peer drug associations) and emotional distress (anxiety, depression, alienation, anger) domains, and to assess moderating effects on these models of age, gender, family support, school adjustment and cultural identification. A final goal of the project is to develop a series of recommendations, based on project findings, for the design of drug, alcohol and violence prevention programs that will be effective specifically for American Indian youth.