Intra-abdominal fat and risk of disease in adolescents

青少年腹内脂肪与疾病风险

• 批准号: 6543204
• 负责人: Michael Isaac Goran
• 金额: $ 28.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-01 至 2005-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6543204
• 关键词: African American; adipose tissue; adolescence (12-20); blood chemistry; body composition; body physical activity; cardiovascular disorder; caucasian American; clinical research; computed axial tomography; disease /disorder proneness /risk; epidemiology; gender difference; glucose metabolism; glucose tolerance; glucose tolerance test; human puberty; human subject; insulin sensitivity /resistance; longitudinal human study; noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; photon absorptiometry; racial /ethnic difference; statistics /biometry; urinalysis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The specific aim of this competitive renewal application is to extend data collection in our existing cohort of Caucasian and African American children, so that data on changes in body composition, abdominal fat distribution and insulin action and secretion are obtained in all children to the point of achieving full maturation. Progress: We have established a successful cohort study and made considerable progress towards understanding differences in metabolic risk factors that occur during early pubertal growth (to the point of mid-puberty), how these are influenced by body fat and visceral fat, and especially how these differ between African American and Caucasian children. We have shown that African American children have unfavorable differences in glucose metabolism (hyperinsulinemia, reduced insulin sensitivity, and increased acute insulin response) that remain highly significant even after adjusting for differences in body composition, fat distribution, physical activity and dietary factors. We have shown that the transition from Tanner Ito Ill is associated with a 33% reduction in insulin sensitivity with a lower than expected rise in the acute insulin response. This pubertal fall in insulin sensitivity is independent of obesity status and consistent across gender and ethnic groups. Based on these findings and other preliminary data we are proposing two new hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: Insulin sensitivity will increase and the acute insulin response will decrease from Tanner Ill to Tanner V towards the levels observed prior to puberty. However, the overall recovery of insulin sensitivity and the acute insulin response, as indicated by the change in the disposition index will be poorer in African American children and more obese children; Hypothesis 2:Glucose tolerance will be maintained during puberty by an increase in first-phase insulin secretion except in the most susceptible of individuals (e.g. African-American females) who will show an impairment in first-phase insulin secretion with progression of puberty. Summary: This competitive renewal provides a unique opportunity to examine the nature of transient insulin resistance during puberty, and especially how this may differ in African American children who are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes during puberty.

描述（由申请人提供）：本竞争性更新申请的具体目的是扩大我们现有的白人和非裔美国儿童队列的数据收集范围，以便获得所有儿童的身体成分、腹部脂肪分布以及胰岛素作用和分泌变化的数据，直至完全成熟。进展：我们已经建立了一项成功的队列研究，并在了解青春期早期生长期间（青春期中期）代谢危险因素的差异、这些因素如何受到体脂肪和内脏脂肪的影响，以及特别是非裔美国人和白人儿童之间的差异方面取得了相当大的进展。我们已经证明，非裔美国儿童在葡萄糖代谢方面存在不利的差异（高胰岛素血症、胰岛素敏感性降低和急性胰岛素反应增加），即使在调整身体成分、脂肪分布、体力活动和饮食因素的差异后，这些差异仍然非常显着。我们已经证明，从 Tanner Ito Ill 开始的转变与胰岛素敏感性降低 33% 相关，并且急性胰岛素反应的上升幅度低于预期。青春期胰岛素敏感性的下降与肥胖状况无关，并且在不同性别和种族群体中都是一致的。根据这些发现和其他初步数据，我们提出两个新假设。假设 1：从 Tanner Ill 到 Tanner V，胰岛素敏感性会增加，急性胰岛素反应会降低到青春期前观察到的水平。然而，从处置指数的变化来看，非裔美国儿童和更多肥胖儿童的胰岛素敏感性和急性胰岛素反应的整体恢复较差；假设 2：在青春期，葡萄糖耐量将通过第一相胰岛素分泌的增加来维持，但最易受影响的个体（例如非洲裔美国女性）除外，随着青春期的进展，第一相胰岛素分泌会受到损害。摘要：这种竞争性的更新提供了一个独特的机会来检查青春期短暂胰岛素抵抗的性质，特别是这对于青春期 2 型糖尿病风险增加的非裔美国儿童有何不同。