Measuring and Creating Cognitive-Behavioural Associations: Testing a Social Identity Model of Behavioural Associations (SIMBA)

衡量和创建认知行为关联：测试行为关联的社会认同模型（SIMBA）

• 批准号: 1929783
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1929783
• 关键词: Measuring; Creating; Cognitive; Behavioural; Associations

In order for behaviour change interventions to be successful, it is essential that they are based on empirically supported theory that provides an explanation of how and why the intervention works. In general, however, few behaviour change interventions have been constructed as a result of well-specified, empirically supported behaviour change techniques-and research has reinforced the necessity of this practice. The aim of the proposed project is to provide a comprehensive test of a new model that explains the emergence and maintenance of behaviour as learned associations, integrating techniques from learning theory into a social identity approach. Research has previously investigated the utility of models that propose cognitive associations between social psychological concepts. Greenwald and colleagues used their Balanced Identity Design to assess the strength of associations among the concepts of self, the female social category, and positive valence. Using the Implicit Association Test (IAT), their research demonstrated that a consistent pattern of associations could be established among concepts using these indirect measures. However, the same results could not be demonstrated using traditional self-report measures-supporting the low predictive value of explicit cognitions in behavioural research. Unified theories such as the Balanced Identity Design have highlighted that associative links exist at the level of the individual. However, there is reason to believe that similar associations may exist between concepts at the group level. Both social identity theory and self-categorisation theory account for the relationships among the concepts of the self, social identity and group behaviour. Moreover, research has supported the fact that identification with a particular social category predicts intentions to engage in health-related behaviours such as binge drinking, physical exercise, and sun protection behaviours-as moderated by group norms. Stronger identification with a social category has also been shown to result in a stronger consistency between group norms and individual behaviour. While the majority of work on the social identity approach has measured associations using self-report methods, the proposed project will aim to measure these associations at the implicit level. The proposed project will test a social identity model of behavioural associations (SIMBA) that proposes associations between the concepts of social identity, group norms, and individual behaviour. The model suggests that when any two nodes are linked to the same third node, the association between the two nodes should strengthen. This notion is known as the 'balance-congruity principle' and emphasises the degree of consistency that can potentially be maintained throughout the triad. Through modifying the strength of any one associative link, behaviour change could be achieved by subsequently altering the associative strength of other links. This approach to behaviour change is in contrast to techniques commonly applied by social psychologists, which typically focus on providing individuals with norm related information11 or encouraging participants to engage in goal setting and volitional planning strategies. The proposed research consists of three work streams to test the SIMBA by establishing that the proposed associations exist in established groups (Stream 1), can be created in novel groups (Stream 2), and can be changed in both novel and established groups (Steam 3). In the PhD, Emily will spend some time at the University of Queensland in Australia to conduct research there and to obtain additional mentoring/supervision from Prof Winnifred Louis and to work with the SIGN group (led by Profs Alex Haslam and Jolanda Jetten).

为了使改变行为的干预措施取得成功，至关重要的是，它们是基于经验支持的理论，提供了一个解释如何和为什么干预工作。然而，在一般情况下，很少有行为改变干预措施已建成作为一个明确的结果，经验支持的行为改变技术和研究加强了这种做法的必要性。拟议项目的目的是提供一个新的模式，解释了行为的出现和维护学习协会，从学习理论的技术整合到社会身份的方法进行全面测试。先前的研究已经调查了提出社会心理概念之间的认知关联的模型的效用。格林沃尔德及其同事使用他们的平衡身份设计来评估自我概念、女性社会类别和积极效价之间的关联强度。使用内隐联想测试（IAT），他们的研究表明，使用这些间接测量可以在概念之间建立一致的联想模式。然而，同样的结果不能证明使用传统的自我报告的措施，支持外显认知行为研究的预测价值低。诸如平衡身份设计等统一理论强调了关联链接存在于个人层面。然而，我们有理由相信，在群体层面的概念之间可能存在类似的联系。社会认同理论和自我分类理论都解释了自我、社会认同和群体行为之间的关系。此外，研究支持这样一个事实，即认同一个特定的社会类别预测意图从事健康相关的行为，如酗酒，体育锻炼，防晒行为-作为缓和的群体规范。与社会类别的更强的认同也被证明会导致群体规范和个人行为之间更强的一致性。虽然大多数关于社会认同方法的工作都是使用自我报告的方法来衡量关联，但拟议的项目将旨在衡量这些关联的隐含水平。拟议的项目将测试行为协会的社会身份模型（SIMBA），提出社会身份，群体规范和个人行为的概念之间的关联。该模型表明，当任何两个节点链接到同一个第三个节点时，两个节点之间的关联应该加强。这个概念被称为“平衡一致性原则”，强调在整个三元组中可能保持的一致性程度。通过修改任何一个关联链接的强度，行为改变可以通过随后改变其他链接的关联强度来实现。这种行为改变的方法与社会心理学家通常应用的技术相反，后者通常侧重于为个人提供规范相关信息11或鼓励参与者参与目标设定和意志规划策略。拟议的研究由三个工作流程组成，通过确定拟议的关联存在于已建立的群组中（流程1）、可以在新群组中创建（流程2）以及可以在新群组和已建立的群组中更改（Steam 3）来测试SIMBA。在攻读博士学位期间，艾米丽将在澳大利亚的昆士兰州大学度过一段时间，在那里进行研究，并获得Winnifred Louis教授的额外指导/监督，并与SIGN小组（由Alex Haslam教授领导）合作。和Jolanda Jetten）。