Framework for Modeling Human Cognition

人类认知建模框架

• 批准号: 6414716
• 负责人: James McClelland
• 金额: $ 183.87万
• 依托单位: CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-20 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6414716
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; computer simulation; human subject; model design /development; neural information processing

DESCRIPTION OF OVERALL PROJECT (provided by applicant): This Integrative Behavioral Science Center seeks to develop a framework for understanding human cognition, grounded in principles specifying the character of human cognitive processes, and constrained by properties of the underlying neural mechanisms. The Center will exploit this framework to guide formulation of explicit, testable models of normal and disordered cognition, including models of the development of cognitive functions and of their disintegration as a result of brain damage or disease. A fundamental tenet is that cognition is an emergent phenomenon, arising from the interactions of cooperating processing elements organized into specialized populations. One aim of the center will be to investigate the utility of explicit models that are formulated in terms of this approach, addressing many aspects of cognition including semantic knowledge, language processing, cognitive control, perception, learning and memory. A second aim will also investigate the principles that are embodied in the models, including principles of learning, processing, and representation. Learning will be a central focus, since it plays a crucial role in cognitive development, acquisition of skills, formation of memories, and remediation of cognitive functions. A third aim of the Center will be to incorporate constraints from neuroscience. Findings from neuroscience will guide the specification of the principles and the formulation of domain-specific details of particular models, and will provide target experimental observations against which to assess the adequacy of the models. In addition, the Center will make use of neurophysiological methods in animals and functional brain imaging in humans to test predictions and generate additional data needed to constrain and inform model development. The Center will provide training funds for interdisciplinary research fellowships, to train junior scientists in the convergent use of behavioral, computational, and neuroscience methodologies. The outcome of the Center's efforts will be a fuller characterization of the nature of human cognitive processes, a clearer formulation of the underlying principles, and a more complete understanding of normal and disordered functions across many domains of cognition.

整体项目描述（由申请人提供）：本 综合行为科学中心寻求制定一个框架， 理解人类认知，以规定性格的原则为基础 人类认知过程，并受到潜在的属性的约束 神经机制。该中心将利用这一框架指导制定工作， 明确的，可测试的正常和混乱的认知模型，包括 认知功能的发展及其解体的模型， 脑损伤或疾病的结果。一个基本原则是，认知是 一种涌现现象，由合作处理的相互作用引起 组成了专门的群体。该中心的一个目标是 研究明确的模型的效用，这些模型是根据 这种方法，解决了认知的许多方面，包括语义 知识，语言处理，认知控制，感知，学习和 记忆第二个目标也将调查体现在 模型，包括学习，处理和表示的原则。 学习将是一个中心焦点，因为它在认知中起着至关重要的作用。 发展，技能的获得，记忆的形成和补救， 认知功能该中心的第三个目标是将 神经科学的限制。神经科学的发现将指导 原则的规范和特定领域细节的制定 特定模型，并将提供目标实验观察， 以评估模型的适当性。此外，该中心将使 神经生理学方法在动物中的应用和脑功能成像在 人类测试预测，并生成所需的额外数据， 为模型开发提供信息。中心将提供培训资金， 跨学科研究奖学金，以培训青年科学家， 行为、计算和神经科学方法的融合使用。 该中心努力的结果将是更全面地描述 人类认知过程的本质，一个更清晰的基础公式， 原则，以及对正常和无序的更完整的理解 在许多认知领域发挥作用。