The mechanics of stomatal function

气孔功能的机制

• 批准号: 1946048
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1946048
• 关键词: mechanics; stomatal; function

Stomata consist of pairs of guard cells which change their shape as a result of altered internal pressure, leading to the opening/closing of pores to allow gas exchange essential for plant life. The dynamics of this shape change depend upon mechanical interaction of the guard cells with the surrounding epidermis, however most work in this area has focused on guard cells, ignoring the adjacent cells. The overall aim of the project is to investigate the role of the epidermis in setting the mechanics of stomatal opening/closure. This project aims to characterise the cell wall components of epidermal cells and specialised subsidiary cells which adjoin the guard cells. We hope to identify genes that encode cell wall modifying proteins expressed in these cells and create transgenic plants in which expression of these genes is altered to modulate support cell mechanics. These plants will be studied to investigate the outcome of altered support cell mechanics on stomatal function and its consequence for plant water use efficiency. Using this knowledge, is it possible to engineer stomatal complexes to improve plant performance under future climate conditions of elevated carbon dioxide and restricted water availability?

气孔由一对保护细胞组成，它们会随着内部压力的改变而改变形状，从而导致气孔的打开/关闭，从而实现植物生命所必需的气体交换。这种形状变化的动力学取决于保护细胞与周围表皮的机械相互作用，然而，这一领域的大多数工作都集中在保护细胞上，而忽略了邻近细胞。该项目的总体目标是研究表皮在设置气孔打开/关闭机制中的作用。该项目旨在表征表皮细胞和与保卫细胞相邻的特化附属细胞的细胞壁成分。我们希望鉴定在这些细胞中表达的细胞壁修饰蛋白的编码基因，并创造转基因植物，其中这些基因的表达被改变以调节支持细胞的机制。这些植物将被用于研究支持细胞力学改变对气孔功能的影响及其对植物水分利用效率的影响。利用这些知识，是否有可能设计气孔复合体来改善植物在未来二氧化碳升高和水分限制的气候条件下的表现？