LONGEVITY AND MORTALITY IN INDUSTRIALIZED SOCIETIES

工业化社会的长寿和死亡率

• 批准号: 6509588
• 负责人: JOHN R WILMOTH
• 金额: $ 35.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-21 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6509588
• 关键词: age difference; archives; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; death certificates; epidemiology; human data; human mortality; human population dynamics; human population study; information systems; longevity; longitudinal human study; mathematical model; population survey; sociology /anthropology; vital statistics

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Mortality patterns reflect fundamental characteristics of societies and important historical changes affecting health and disease. It this project, the investigators propose to examine the mortality patterns of various industrialized countries in order to improve understanding of two topics. First, they will describe and attempt to explain the American mortality pattern, characterized by relatively high mortality at younger ages and low mortality at older ages (compared to other industrialized countries). Although observed for both men and women, and for various racial groups in the U.S., the causes of this unusual pattern are poorly understood. They will test competing hypotheses about the origins of the American age pattern of mortality by analyzing international differences, historical changes, and mortality differentials within the U.S. in terms of both total and cause-specific mortality. Second, they will study the mortality decline of industrialized societies, both past and present, focusing on the connection between the age pattern of mortality change and shifts in disease patterns, referred to as "epidemiologic transitions." Using data for several countries, they will determine how the age pattern of mortality decline in recent decades has been affected by mortality trends due to cardiovascular diseases and cancer. They will also test the general hypothesis that historical shifts in the age pattern of mortality decline can be attributed, in each case, to distinct epidemiologic transitions, and they will explore the implications of these shifts for mortality forecasting. These substantive analyses will be aided by their continuing effort to assemble a unique collection of international mortality data (the Berkeley Mortality Database), and by their new efforts to estimate mortality differentials within the U.S. population. The latter component involves both methodological studies, using existing data sets and testing the reliability of current data and methods, and a pilot project to assess the feasibility of estimating historical mortality differentials by linking census and death records.

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：死亡模式反映 社会的基本特征和重大历史变革 影响健康和疾病的。如果这个项目，调查人员提议 检查不同工业化国家的死亡率模式，以便 提高对两个主题的理解。 首先，他们将描述并试图解释美国人的死亡率 模式，特点是相对较高的年轻死亡率和较低的死亡率 老年死亡率(与其他工业化国家相比)。虽然 在美国，无论是男性还是女性，以及不同的种族群体， 人们对这种不寻常模式的原因知之甚少。他们将测试竞争对手 关于美国死亡率年龄模式起源的假设 分析国际差异、历史变迁和死亡率 美国国内在总体和具体原因方面的差异 死亡率。 其次，他们将研究工业化社会的死亡率下降，两者都是 过去和现在，重点是年龄模式之间的联系 死亡率的变化和疾病模式的转变，称为“流行病学” 利用几个国家的数据，他们将确定年龄如何 近几十年来死亡率下降的模式受到死亡率的影响 心血管疾病和癌症的趋势。他们还将测试 一般假设死亡率年龄模式的历史变化 在每一种情况下，下降都可以归因于不同的流行病学转变， 他们将探索这些变化对死亡率的影响。 预测。 这些实质性的分析将得到他们继续努力组装的帮助 一组独特的国际死亡率数据(伯克利死亡率 数据库)，并通过他们新的努力来估计 美国人口。后一部分涉及方法论研究， 使用现有数据集并测试当前数据的可靠性和 方法，和一个试点项目，以评估估计历史的可行性 通过将人口普查和死亡记录联系起来，实现死亡率差异。