OCULAR DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY/EARLY CHILDHOOD

婴儿期/幼儿期的视力发育

• 批准号: 6554809
• 负责人: Donald O. Mutti
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6554809
• 关键词: astigmatism; clinical research; cornea; eye disorder diagnosis; eye refraction disorder; eye refractometry; growth /development; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); lens; longitudinal human study; noninvasive diagnosis; preschool child (1-5); retinography; ultrasonography; video recording system; vitreous body

The most rapid phase of post-natal ocular growth occurs during the first years of life. Although much is known about the development of refractive error in infancy, there is little biometric data available on the ocular components during either infancy or early childhood. The course of infant refractive and component development can shed light on both basic mechanisms of eye growth as well as possible links with juvenile refractive error. Animal studies in chicken and primate models suggests that the eye is sensitive to the sign and magnitude of refractive error, with the eye adjusting its rate of growth to reduce these errors. Recent longitudinal studies of infant refraction have found associations between non- cycloplegic retinoscopy in infancy and in later childhood. Longitudinal refractive and biometric data from infancy will make it possible to examine the responsiveness of the eye to initial refractive error, the components responsible for emmetropization, and how component and refractive error, the components responsible for emmetropizatin, and how component and refractive development in the first years of life are related to ocular growth in childhood. The Berkely Infant Biometry Study (BIBS) is a five-year longitudinal study of the ocular components in infants and toddlers aged three months to three years. Its goal is to determine what changes occur in the eyes of young children during this time period and how these changes fit into a model of emmetropization that is either active or passive. Examination for component development in infants as a function of initial refractive error and as a function of the degree of emmetropization will indicate which components underlie ametropia and emmetropization. We measure refractive error, including astigmatism, corneal curvature in two meridians, anterior chamber depth, crystalline lens thickness and surface curvatures in two meridians, vitreous chamber depth, and axial length. We will determine how changes in the axial length, corneal curvature, and crystalline lens curvatures are coordinated during this rapid growth phase. We will investigate which ocular components-cornea or lens-are responsible for the previously reported astigmatism in infancy and its disappearance in early childhood.

出生后眼睛生长最快的阶段发生在第一阶段 生命的岁月。 尽管人们对屈光的发展了解很多 婴儿期的错误，眼部可用的生物识别数据很少 婴儿期或幼儿期的组成部分。 婴儿期的历程 折射和组件的开发可以阐明这两个基本问题 眼睛生长的机制以及与青少年屈光的可能联系 错误。 对鸡和灵长类动物模型的动物研究表明，眼睛 对屈光不正的符号和大小很敏感 调整其增长率以减少这些错误。 近期纵向 对婴儿屈光的研究发现，非屈光之间存在关联。 在婴儿期和儿童后期进行睫状肌麻痹检影检查。纵向 婴儿期的屈光和生物特征数据将使检查成为可能 眼睛对初始屈光不正的反应，组成部分 负责正视化，以及分量和屈光不正， 负责正视托皮扎汀的成分，以及成分和作用如何 生命最初几年的屈光发育与眼部有关 童年的成长。 伯克利婴儿生物统计研究 (BIBS) 是一项为期五年的纵向研究 三个月至三岁婴儿和幼儿的眼部成分 年。 其目标是确定年轻人的眼睛发生了什么变化 这段时期的儿童以及这些变化如何适应模型 正视化可以是主动的，也可以是被动的。 考试为 婴儿的成分发育与初始屈光不正的关系 并且作为正视化程度的函数将表明哪个 屈光不正和正视化的构成要素。 我们测量屈光度 误差，包括散光、两条经线的角膜曲率、前部 腔室深度、晶状体厚度和表面曲率在两个 经络、玻璃体腔深度和眼轴长度。 我们将决定如何 眼轴长度、角膜曲率和晶状体的变化 在这个快速生长阶段，曲率是协调的。我们将 研究哪些眼部成分（角膜或晶状体）导致了 先前报道过婴儿期散光及其在早期消失 童年。