Ocular Development in Infancy/Early Childhood

婴儿期/幼儿期的眼睛发育

• 批准号: 7094739
• 负责人: Donald O. Mutti
• 金额: $ 3.85万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7094739
• 关键词: amblyopia; astigmatism; clinical research; cornea; developmental disease /disorder; eye coordination disorder; eye disorder diagnosis; eye refraction disorder; eye refractometry; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); lens; longitudinal human study; noninvasive diagnosis; preschool child (1-5); retinography; ultrasonography; video recording system; visual feedback; vitreous body

DESCRIPTION (Applicant?s Abstract) The most rapid phase of post-natal ocular growth occurs during the first years of life. This period is characterized by emmetropization, a reduction in both the average amount and the variability in refractive error. The vast majority of infants reach an emmetropic refractive state by three years of age and have no significant refractive error. Despite continued growth of the eye after the age of three, emmetropia is maintained in most children until the age of about nine years. At that time the prevalence of myopia begins to increase even though ocular growth is slower on average compared to age three. It is not understood how emmetropia is maintained during more rapid growth in early childhood, yet fails to be sustained throughout the period of slower growth in the school years. The initial phase of the Berkeley Infant Biometry Study (BIBS) was a five-year longitudinal study of the ocular components in infants and toddlers aged three months to three years. It investigated the changes occurring in the eyes of infants and toddlers during the ernmetropizing period of ocular development. The goal of the continuation of this project over the next three years is to determine how emmetropia is maintained after three years of age. We will evaluate competing hypotheses that emmetropia is maintained by visual feedback from defocus or accommodative lag as opposed to being maintained by passive processes where innate axial growth is balanced by lens power changes due to decreases in equivalent refractive index. This goal will be accomplished by longitudinal measurement of refractive error, accommodative response, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, crystalline lens thickness and surface curvatures, vitreous chamber depth, and axial length in the original BIBS participants when they are between 3 and 6 years of age. Besides establishing normative growth curves for all the eye?s optical components for the first six years of life, these data will allow for evaluation of predictive factors for mature refractive error based on the earlier values for these parameters. Longitudinal refractive and biometric data from infancy through early childhood will make it possible to investigate the responsiveness of the eye to defocus, what components are responsible for maintaining emmetropia, the role of accommodation in ocular growth, and how component and refractive development in the first years of life are related to those parameters in later childhood.

描述（申请人摘要）产后眼部发育最快的阶段 生长发生在生命的最初几年。这一时期的特点是 正视化，平均量和变异性均减少 屈光不正。绝大多数婴儿达到正视屈光度 三岁时，没有明显的屈光不正。尽管 三岁以后眼睛继续生长，正视眼得以维持 大多数儿童直到九岁左右。当时盛行的是 尽管眼睛平均生长速度较慢，但​​近视度数开始增加 与三岁相比。目前尚不清楚在这期间如何保持正视眼 幼儿期生长较快，但未能在整个时期持续 学年期间生长缓慢的时期。 伯克利婴儿生物统计研究 (BIBS) 的初始阶段为期五年 三岁婴幼儿眼部成分的纵向研究 几个月到三年。它调查了眼睛中发生的变化 眼睛发育的内视化时期的婴儿和幼儿。 未来三年继续实施该项目的目标是 确定三岁后如何保持正视眼。我们将 评估正视眼是通过视觉反馈维持的相互竞争的假设 来自散焦或调节滞后，而不是由被动维持 固有轴向生长通过晶状体屈光力变化来平衡的过程 等效折射率降低。这一目标将通过以下方式实现 屈光不正、调节反应、角膜的纵向测量 曲率、前房深度、晶状体厚度和表面 原始 BIBS 中的曲率、玻璃体腔深度和眼轴长度 参与者年龄在 3 至 6 岁之间。除了建立 前六个眼睛所有光学元件的标准生长曲线 年的生命，这些数据将允许评估预测因素 基于这些参数的早期值的成熟屈光不正。 从婴儿期到幼儿期的纵向屈光和生物识别数据 将使研究眼睛对散焦的反应成为可能， 哪些成分负责维持正视眼，其作用 眼睛生长的调节，以及成分和屈光发育如何 生命的最初几年与童年后期的这些参数有关。

项目成果

Comparison of corneal versus through-the-lid A-scan ultrasound biometry.

角膜与透过眼睑 A 扫描超声生物测量的比较。

• DOI: 10.1097/00006324-199710000-00024
• 发表时间: 1997
• 期刊: Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
• 作者: Twelker,JD;Kirschbaum,S;Zadnik,K;Mutti,DO
• 通讯作者: Mutti,DO

Ocular Component Development during Infancy and Early Childhood.

• DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001296
• 发表时间: 2018-11
• 期刊: Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
• 作者: Mutti DO;Sinnott LT;Lynn Mitchell G;Jordan LA;Friedman NE;Frane SL;Lin WK
• 通讯作者: Lin WK

Ocular components before and after acquired, nonaccommodative esotropia.

获得性非调节性内斜视前后的眼部成分。

• DOI: 10.1097/00006324-200012000-00009
• 发表时间: 2000
• 期刊: Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
• 作者: Frane,SL;Sholtz,RI;Lin,WK;Mutti,DO
• 通讯作者: Mutti,DO

Accommodation, acuity, and their relationship to emmetropization in infants.

婴儿的适应性、敏锐度及其与正视化的关系。

• DOI: 10.1097/opx.0b013e3181a6174f
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
• 作者: Mutti,DonaldO;Mitchell,GLynn;Jones,LisaA;Friedman,NinaE;Frane,SaraL;Lin,WendyK;Moeschberger,MelvinL;Zadnik,Karla
• 通讯作者: Zadnik,Karla