CREATION OF A MULTIETHNIC DIETARY SURVEY FOR ELDERS

在美国，不同种族的癌症发病率差别很大。虽然美洲原住民的癌症发病率通常较低，但最近的数据表明，这些数字正在增加。饮食摄入模式的改变可能是造成这些差异的部分原因。由于癌症是一种衰老疾病，因此准确可靠地测量老年人的饮食摄入量对于估计饮食和癌症之间的关系非常重要。这些知识将促进文化特异性癌症控制项目的发展和评估。在美国，缺乏可用的饮食评估工具来评估老年人的摄入量，特别是不同种族背景的老年人。该项目的目标是制定一项饮食调查，以准确可靠地评估犹他州老年印第安人（纳瓦霍人和尤特人）和高加索人的饮食摄入量。该项目的完成将为今后老年人饮食数据收集工作奠定良好的基础。本提案描述了四个顺序目标：1)使用24小时回忆法确定50岁以上美洲原住民和高加索老年人饮食中与癌症相关的营养素的食物来源，例如维生素C、β -胡萝卜素、维生素E、叶酸和纤维。2)编制相关食物清单，建立基于多民族食物频率问卷的美洲原住民和白种人老年人膳食评估策略。3)修改PicSort膳食评估方法，评估老年人防癌营养素和食物的摄入频率。焦点小组将用来评估其效用。4)确定纳瓦霍族和尤特族的传统植物和动物食物来源，为基于传统食物方式的降低癌症风险的食物干预提供依据。将进行焦点小组以实现这一目标。

Cancer rates differ dramatically among various ethnic subgroups in the United States (U.S.). Although cancer rates have typically been lower among Native American populations, recent data indicate that these numbers are increasing. Changing patterns of dietary intake may account for some of these differences. Since cancer is a disease of aging, accurate and reliable measurements of dietary intake among the elderly are very important in estimating diet and cancer relationships. This knowledge will facilitate the development and evaluation of culturally-specific cancer control programs. There is a dearth of dietary assessment tools available for assessing intakes of elderly in the U.S., particularly elderly of various ethnic backgrounds. The goal of this project is to formulate a dietary survey that will accurately and reliably assess dietary intakes of elderly Native American (Navajo and Ute) and Caucasian populations in Utah. Completion of this project will form an excellent basis for future dietary data collection efforts among the elderly. Four sequential objectives are described in this proposal: 1) Determine the food sources of cancer-related nutrients, e.g., vitamin C, beta- carotene, vitamin E, folate, and fiber, in the diets of Native American and Caucasian elderly adults who over 50 years of age using 24 hour recall methods. 2) Compose a relevant food list for the creation of a multi-ethnic food frequency questionnaire-based dietary assessment strategy for Native American and Caucasian elderly. 3) Modify the PicSort dietary assessment method to assess the frequency of intake of cancer-preventive nutrients and foods in the elderly. Focus groups will be used to assess its utility. 4) Determine traditional plant and animal food sources among Navajo and Ute to provide a basis for cancer risk reduction food-based interventions based on traditional foodways. Focus groups will be conducted to accomplish this goal.