Roma Tre - Studi del Territorio/ Environmental Humanities - Master Universitario di Primo Livello - completed

“复制2020”是欧盟资助的智慧城市项目，由整个欧洲大陆的中型城市共享，迄今为止，这是同类国际伙伴关系中的最后一个。随着政治不确定性动摇欧洲，智慧城市在合作城市佛罗伦萨和布里斯托尔充当了一个统一的框架，尽管它们的特点不同。对佛罗伦萨来说，它提供了一个机会来恢复文艺复兴时期完美的城市主义，修复其目前被认为低于欧洲标准的状况；对于布里斯托尔来说，这是一个巩固其建立在贸易和制造业遗产基础上的现代、高效形象的机会。这两座城市都是技术实验的场所，但它们并非完全同步或对称。因此，本研究旨在通过比较研究，了解未来城市在制定、专家访谈、分析数据收集和处理以及城市间操作知识共享中的作用，以及其对城市规划的影响。我提出的研究连接了三个主要领域：城市地理、监测研究和图像数据综合体。它的主要目标是将“智慧”城市定义为一个感知领域，通过专家的作用激发地理知识，并反过来通过政策制定者被地理知识转化。在此过程中，论文旨在回答三个问题：-如何通过传感器和基础设施产生关于城市的地理知识？如何收集数据？-如何通过科学成像积极表达这些知识，并在当地部署？能否成功搬迁？它解决了哪些紧迫的规划问题？-通过“智慧”的比喻，现在正在构建什么样的城市形象？它如何影响作为地缘政治集合体的欧洲？拟议的研究旨在了解，一旦通过传感器和Wifi接入点收集大数据，在城市地区传播，如何生成有关城市的地理知识。为此，我打算收集论文和科学报告，以完成对他们的数据收集方法的批评。这项研究的另一个关键部分在于了解如何存储和处理这些信息，以便提取有关城市的可读知识。因此，可视化设备，如地图和地名词典，将根据关键的制图原理进行研究。最后需要回答的问题是，专家如何运用这些见解，构建对所研究领域未来发展产生重大影响的运营总体规划和蓝图。为了理解和描述如何将这种技术知识转化为一项行动计划，将采访来自适当机构的专家，如佛罗伦萨的城市评估委员会和布里斯托尔的发展控制委员会。这项研究将有助于深入了解欧洲智能城市化的主要项目之一的运营活动核心。此外，由于英国脱欧的政治不确定性，在该项目于2021年完工后，欧盟没有准备其他此类项目。随着传感技术和大数据的收集和共享在未来十年变得越来越普遍，这项研究为已经高产的智慧城市主义领域提供了一种新的方法，因为到目前为止，还没有研究集中在城市设计中这项技术革命的作者。

REplicate 2020 is an EU funded smart city project, shared by medium-sized cities across the continent, to date, the last international partnership of its kind. As political uncertainty shakes Europe, the smart city acts as a unifying framework in partner cities Florence and Bristol, despite their different characteristics. For Florence, it offers the chance to restore the fortunes of perfect Renaissance urbanism, repairing its current condition, perceived as below European standards; for Bristol, an occasion to secure its established modern, efficient image, based on a legacy of trade and manufacture. Both cities are sites of technological experimentation, but they are not perfectly synchronized or symmetrical. Therefore the proposed research aims to understand, through comparative study, the city of the future in the making, interviewing experts, analyzing data collection and processing and sharing of operational knowledge between cities, and its effects on urban planning. The study I propose connects three main areas: urban geography, surveillance studies, and the image-data complex. It's main goal is to define the 'smart' city as a field of perception that stimulates geographical knowledge - through the role of experts - and is in turn transformed by it - through policy makers. In doing so, the dissertation aims to answer three questions: - How is geographical knowledge about the city produced via sensors and infrastructures? How is data collected?- How is this knowledge, expressed actively by scientific imaging, deployed locally? Can it be successfully relocated? What planning urgencies does it address?- What image of the city is being constructed, right now, through the trope of 'smartness'? How does it effect Europe as a geo-political assemblage?The proposed research aims to understand how geographical knowledge about the city is generated, once big data have been collected through sensors and Wifi access points, disseminated in the urban area. To do so, I foresee to collect papers and scientific reports to complete a critique of their data collection methodologies. Another crucial part of this inquiry consists in understanding how this information is stored and treated, in order to extract readable knowledge about the city. Therefore, visualisations devices, like maps and gazetteers, will be studied according to critical cartography principles. The last questions to be answered concerns how experts deploy such insights, to structure operational masterplans and blueprints that will have material impact on the future development of the areas being studied. To comprehend and describe how such technologically informed knowledge is translated in an operative plan, experts from proper institutions - like Assessorato Urbanistica in Florence and the Development Control Committee in Bristol - will be interviewed.This research will grant insight in the operational active core of one of the leading programmes concerned with smart urbanism in Europe. Moreover, because of political uncertainty around Brexit, no other EU funded project of this kind is being prepared, after this one is completed in 2021. As sensing technologies and big data collection and sharing are meant to become more and more common in the next decade, the proposed study offers a new approach in the already prolific field of smart urbanism, since, as to date, no study is available focused on the authors of this technological revolution in urban design.