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Communication with the Other World in Romantic Poetry

浪漫主义诗歌中与另一个世界的交流

基本信息

批准号：
2272631
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Cambridge
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2272631
关键词：
Communication Other World Romantic Poetry

项目摘要

From the godly Cynthia in Keats's "Endymion" to the Polar Spirit and his fellow demons in Coleridge's "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner", from P.B. Shelley's fairy in "Queen Mab" to Francesca's ghost in Byron's "The Siege of Corinth", Romantic poetry is populated - or rather haunted - by supernatural beings coming into contact with the earthly dimension and often engaging in interactions with humans. In doing so, they - and their human interlocutors - are faced with the pressing problem of how to communicate across the seemingly unbridgeable distance separating their different metaphysical dimensions. My research aims to analyse the way communication with the Other World is represented in poetical texts of English Romanticism and what communicative and pragmatic strategies are resorted to in order to establish contact between human and supernatural interlocutors. In the last few years, the otherworldly elements in Romantic writings have been receiving growing critical attention. Critics such as Gavin Hopps and Susan Wolfson have given prominence to the ghostly and phantasmatic aspects of Romantic poetry. My research is intended to take part in this recent critical trend but from a different perspective, as my focus will be on the communicative aspect of supernatural encounters, which will determine the different methodological approach of my study. Given that communication with the Other World is a special kind of communication which is characterised by the existence of a metaphysical gap between the interlocutors, I will tackle the issue from the theoretical standpoint of linguistics and contemporary communication theory. The main questions supernatural communication poses revolve around how to establish contact between this world and the Other. Consequently, particular attention will be given to what Roman Jakobson called the 'phatic function' of language. Starting from his definition and drawing some key prerequisites to establish and maintain contact with the other from the works of other linguists, my purpose will be to identify the main conditions that need to be met in order for contact to be established and to analyse the strategies through which these conditions are fulfilled in the selected literary instances of supernatural interactions. Not only will this approach elucidate the most relevant representations of otherworldly communication in Romantic poetry, but it will also provide new fascinating insights on the Romantic views concerning the possibilities, modalities and limits that are inherent in any form of communication. This latter aspect will turn out to be even more meaningful, as my research will focus on the most problematic yet relevant means of communication of the time: poetry. As I intend to show by referring not only to Romantic conceptions of poetic language but also to current lyric theory, poetry is intrinsically akin to otherworldly communication. On one hand, poetry is a kind of language that is 'other' compared to ordinary plain prose and, therefore, particularly suited to gain access to a dimension of alterity. On the other, it is a way of coming into contact with a distant other - the reader - in which the phatic function plays a pivotal role. As Barbara Johnson asserts in "Persons and Things" (2008), the main communicative act of lyric poetry "does not depend on what the poet says but on his capacity to call", which is the most phatic gesture of all. This theoretical focus on poetic communication will be accompanied by a close attention to the formal aspects of the texts through a stylistic approach which, besides showing how the selected issues of linguistics and communication theory are matched by formal phenomena, will problematise this very same interpretative frame. Even when the conditions of contact seem to be met, in fact, the materiality of poetic language will appear to somehow resist their fulfilment and further destabilise the precarious communicative channel with the Other.

从济慈的《安迪米翁》中虔诚的辛西娅，到柯勒律治的《古水手之歌》中的极地精灵和他的同伴恶魔，从《麦布女王》中的P·B·雪莱的仙女到拜伦的《科林斯的围城》中的弗朗西丝卡的鬼魂，浪漫主义诗歌中充斥着--或者更确切地说，是鬼魂--与尘世维度接触并经常与人类互动的超自然生物。在这样做的过程中，他们和他们的人类对话者面临着一个紧迫的问题，即如何跨越他们不同的形而上学维度之间看似不可逾越的距离进行交流。我的研究旨在分析在英国浪漫主义诗歌文本中如何表现与另一个世界的交流，以及为了在人类和超自然的对话者之间建立联系而采取的交际和语用策略。在过去的几年里，浪漫主义作品中的超凡脱俗元素越来越受到评论界的关注。加文·霍普斯和苏珊·沃尔夫森等评论家突出了浪漫主义诗歌中幽灵和虚幻的一面。我的研究意在参与最近的批评趋势，但从不同的角度，因为我的重点将是超自然遭遇的交流方面，这将决定我研究的不同方法。鉴于与另一个世界的交际是一种特殊的交际，其特点是对话者之间存在一种形而上的鸿沟，我将从语言学和当代交际理论的角度来探讨这一问题。超自然交流提出的主要问题围绕着如何在这个世界和另一个世界之间建立联系。因此，我们将特别关注罗曼·雅各布森所说的语言的‘礼貌功能’。从他的定义出发，并从其他语言学家的著作中得出建立和保持与他人联系的一些关键先决条件，我的目的是确定建立联系所需满足的主要条件，并分析在选定的超自然互动的文学实例中实现这些条件的策略。这一方法不仅将阐明浪漫主义诗歌中最相关的超凡脱俗的交流表现，而且还将为浪漫主义关于任何形式的交流所固有的可能性、方式和限制的观点提供新的、引人入胜的见解。后一方面将被证明是更有意义的，因为我的研究将集中在当时最有问题但又最相关的交流手段：诗歌。正如我打算通过不仅参考浪漫主义的诗歌语言概念，而且也参考当前的抒情理论来表明的那样，诗歌本质上类似于超凡脱俗的交流。一方面，诗歌是一种语言，与普通的普通散文相比，它是一种“他者”，因此特别适合进入另一种维度。另一方面，它是一种与遥远的另一个人--读者--接触的一种方式，其中礼貌功能起着举足轻重的作用。正如芭芭拉·约翰逊在《人与物》(2008)中所主张的那样，抒情诗的主要交际行为“不是取决于诗人说什么，而是取决于他的呼唤能力”，这是最礼貌的姿态。这种对诗歌传播的理论关注将伴随着对文本形式方面的密切关注，通过文体学的方法，除了展示语言学和传播学的选定问题如何与形式现象相匹配外，还将使这一解释框架产生问题。即使接触的条件似乎得到了满足，事实上，诗歌语言的物质性似乎也会以某种方式抵制它们的实现，并进一步破坏与他人之间不稳定的交流渠道。