Development Of Cognitive Activation Tasks For Functional

功能性认知激活任务的开发

• 批准号: 6681079
• 负责人: Terry E Goldberg
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6681079
• 关键词: brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain mapping; brain metabolism; cerebellum; clinical research; cognition; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; memory; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; positron emission tomography; schizophrenia; technology /technique development; verbal behavior

We have developed a variety of tasks to activate regions of interest in functional neuroimaging studies. 1. To examine the levels of processing account of episodic memory we devised a series or recognition memory tasks. We also paid special attention to the development of a control task that would not involve active processing so as to better observe hippocampal activation. Results indicate similar regions, including prefrotnal cortex, were activated during encoding and retrieval. Hippocampal activation was obtained in ana ROI aanalysis. 2. We assessed the role of COMT genotype in an fMRI study which gauged the effects of amphetamine on cortical efficiency. Sonsistent with an inverted u-shaped function, normal subjecs woith low dopaminergic tone (val genotype) improved frontal ortical processing, while subjects with the met genotype (high dopaminergic tone) showed diminsished cortical efficiency at high working memory loads. 3. We developed a carefully matched set of verbal fluency tasks to examine the relation between semantic processing, thought disorder, and neurophysiology in schizophrenia using PET CBF methods. We und an area in inferior prefrontal cortex that was more activated insemantic fluency and correlated with a classic symptom of schizophrenia -- thought disorder.

我们已经开发了各种任务来激活功能性神经成像研究中的感兴趣区域。1.本研究设计了一系列再认记忆任务，以考察情景记忆加工的水平。我们还特别注意了一个控制任务的发展，不会涉及主动处理，以便更好地观察海马激活。结果表明，类似的区域，包括前额叶皮层，在编码和提取激活。海马神经元激活情况用ROI分析。2.我们评估了COMT基因型在功能磁共振成像研究中的作用，该研究测量了安非他明对皮层效率的影响。与倒u形函数一致，正常受试者低多巴胺能张力（瓦尔基因型）改善了额叶皮层处理，而受试者met基因型（高多巴胺能张力）在高工作记忆负荷下表现出降低的皮层效率。3.我们开发了一组精心匹配的言语流畅性任务，使用PET CBF方法来检查精神分裂症中语义处理、思维障碍和神经生理学之间的关系。我们发现，在下额叶皮层中，有一个区域在语义流畅性方面更加活跃，并且与精神分裂症的一个典型症状--思维障碍有关。