REDUCING JET-LAG WITH PRACTICAL CIRCADIAN TREATMENTS

时差综合症是社会上最普遍的疾病之一。症状 包括失眠、白天嗜睡、疲劳、警觉性下降， 表现，烦躁情绪，注意力不集中，定向障碍， 胃肠道不适时差不仅是游客的祸根， 损害商人和妇女、外交官和 军方时差综合征的症状是因为体内的生物钟 缓慢地重新进入新时区所需的睡眠/唤醒时间表。 当跨越几个时区时，旅行者被迫睡在 “错误”的阶段，他们的昼夜节律周期，当他们的生理设置为 醒来，然后在生理上设定为睡眠时保持清醒。 随着生物钟逐渐相移， 时差反应逐渐消失。在经历了一次向东迁移后， 在向西飞行后，因为生物钟的前进速度比 拖延时间此外，在向东飞行后，昼夜节律可能 在错误的方向上重新引导，例如，他们可能会延迟16小时，而不是 提前8小时，进一步延长时差症状。 研究人员建议测试治疗方法， 在向东飞行之前，为了防止或减少症状， 时差治疗将包括3天的渐进式睡眠 时间表，醒来后明亮的人造光，下午的褪黑激素药片。 这些治疗是专门设计的，是可行的真实的旅行者， 在飞行前在家使用。结果的衡量标准将是 在对应于飞行日的那一天的相位提前，从 内源性褪黑素分泌的昼夜节律。他们还将衡量 治疗的副作用，旅行者必须支付的“价格”， 为了防止或减少时差反应，包括睡眠不足（手腕活动 监测和睡眠日志）和白天嗜睡和疲劳（从 问卷调查）。目标是为真实的 旅客

Jet-lag is one of society's most prevalent disorders. Symptoms include insomnia, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, decrements in alertness and performance, dysphoric mood, loss of concentration, disorientation, and gastrointestinal distress. Jet-lag is not just the bane of tourists; it can impair the judgment and performance of businessmen and women, diplomats and the military. The symptoms of jet-lag occur because the internal circadian clock is slow to re-entrain to the sleep/wake schedule required in the new time zone. When several time zones are crossed, travelers are forced to sleep at the "wrong" phase of their circadian cycle, when they are physiologically set for waking, and then try to stay awake when they are physiologically set to sleep. As the circadian clock gradually phase shifts to re-entrain, the symptoms of jet-lag gradually dissipate. It takes longer to adapt after an eastward that after a westward flight, because the circadian clock is slower to advance than to delay. Furthermore, after an eastward flight, circadian rhythms may re-entrain in the wrong direction, e.g., they may delay 16 hrs instead of advancing 8 hrs, further prolonging the symptoms of jet-lag. The investigators propose to test treatments to phase advance the circadian clock before an eastward flight, in order to prevent or reduce the symptoms of jet-lag. The treatments will include 3 days of a gradually advancing sleep schedule, bright artificial light after waking, and afternoon melatonin pills. These treatments are specifically designed to be feasible for real travelers to use at home before a flight. The outcome measures will be the magnitude of phase advance on the day that corresponds to the day of flight, measured from the circadian rhythm of endogenous melatonin secretion. They will also measure the side effects of treatment, the "price" that travelers would have to pay in order to prevent or reduce jet-lag, including sleep loss (from wrist activity monitors and sleep logs) and daytime sleepiness and fatigue (from questionnaires). The goal is to develop practical recommendations for real travelers.