Novel accelerated in vitro breeding for phytoremediation

用于植物修复的新型加速体外育种

• 批准号: 6834246
• 负责人: Mihaly Czako
• 金额: $ 18.57万
• 依托单位: SOUTHERN SUN BIOSYSTEMS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6834246
• 关键词: biotechnology; chlorohydrocarbon; detoxification; embryonic stem cell; environmental therapy; genetically modified plants; inbreeding; plant growth /development; technology /technique development; tissue /cell culture

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of the collaboration between Southern Sun BioSystems and the University of South Carolina (USC) is to transfer technology to support an environmental plant breeding and remediation technology-development center supplying hardware, protocols for breeding-selection and mass production, commercial numbers of elite plants for nurseries and remediation businesses, with licensing and tracking mechanisms for protecting intellectual property. This project supports the initial development of a novel technology for breeding a large biomass, monoculture forming wetland plant for phytoremediation. The technology transfer capitalizes on Southern Sun's innovative plant culture technologies and equipment. The critical element of somaclonal breeding is amplification of the genetic variation-generating step, that is the number of cell divisions in the totipotent cell culture phase and the overall biomass subjected to selection. It is hypothesized that the exponential growth phase of the embryogenic tissue culture can be extended by providing optimal conditions with minimized disturbance, and this will result in increased overall growth rates. Secondly application of a selection pressure by exposure to the targeted pollutant with alters the frequency of somaclonal variants. Supporting Phase 1 Objectives: (1) acceleration of mass propagation of the shoot regenerating tissue culture; (2) frequency of somaclonal variation: role of the extended exponential growth phase of the cell culture; (3) frequency of somaclonal variation: the role of preselection; (4) certification of elite lines: first order detoxification rate constant; (5) test the stability of the new trait after nursery grow-out. Efficacy of this novel approach will be demonstrated by selection of elite lines with superior haloorganic detoxification from in vitro cultures at USC. Detoxification rates under hydrological conditions simulating field conditions will be determined in Southern Sun's culture vessels and environmental control units.

描述（申请人提供）：南方太阳生物系统公司和南卡罗来纳州大学（USC）之间合作的长期目标是转让技术，以支持环境植物育种和修复技术开发中心，该中心提供硬件、育种选择和大规模生产的协议、用于苗圃和修复业务的优质植物的商业数量、建立许可和跟踪机制来保护知识产权。该项目支持培育大生物量、单一栽培形成湿地植物用于植物修复的新技术的初步开发。技术转让利用了Southern Sun的创新植物培养技术和设备。 体细胞克隆育种的关键因素是遗传变异产生步骤的扩增，即全能细胞培养阶段的细胞分裂次数和经过选择的总生物量。据推测，胚性组织培养物的指数生长期可以通过提供具有最小干扰的最佳条件来延长，并且这将导致总体生长速率增加。其次，通过暴露于目标污染物来施加选择压力，改变了体细胞克隆变异的频率。 支持第1阶段目标：（1）加速茎再生组织培养的大量繁殖;（2）体细胞无性系变异的频率：细胞培养的延长指数生长期的作用;（3）体细胞无性系变异的频率：预选的作用;（4）优良品系的认证：一级解毒速率常数;（5）在苗圃生长后测试新性状的稳定性。 这种新方法的有效性将通过从USC的体外培养物中选择具有上级卤代有机解毒作用的优良品系来证明。将在Southern Sun的培养容器和环境控制装置中测定模拟田间条件的水文条件下的脱水率。