The devil is in the detail: the importance of understanding intraspecific responses to tropical deforestation

细节决定成败：了解热带森林砍伐的种内反应的重要性

• 批准号: 2366411
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2366411
• 关键词: devil; detail; importance; understanding; intraspecific

It is generally assumed that individuals and communities of a species will all react in the same manner to environmental change, with no presence of intraspecific variation. This is at the basis of the indicator species concept, and has long been used for Red Lists (Carignan and Villard, 2002; Rodrigues et al., 2006). However, a recent study from the Atlantic Forest in Brazil found intraspecific variation in response to deforestation across a variety of bird species (Orme et al., 2019), with distance to range edge driving this variability.Populations of species were generally negatively affected by deforestation when present at the edge of their range (Orme et al., 2019). Contrastindly, populations of the same species at the centre of their range were often either positively affected by deforestation, or were not affected by deforestation (Orme et al., 2019). The drivers of the aforementioned patterns is not yet understood, but discerning these is paramount for conservation planning and policy making.This project looks to understand the roles of the below mechanisms in understanding intraspecific variation in response to deforestation:Climatic suitability (Pérez-Tris et al., 2000)Species interactions at the community level (Angelini et al., 2016)Drift (Hubbell, 2001)It is expected that individuals and populations of species will be less sensitive to habitat loss if:They are sampled in areas of high climatic suitability; with these areas shifting with climate change.They have weak interactions with other species in the community, which will reduce the impact of competition, which is expected to increase with habitat loss. Similarly, facultative mutualistic species are expected to be more resilient than obligate mutualistic species; which may rely on species that are more sensitive to habitat loss.Their local population was already declining as a result of demographic drift.The above hypotheses will be tested using a range of models that will be used in conjunction with a pre-existing database of species responses to habitat loss; new data will also be added to the database.Climatic suitability will be tested using GIS and species distribution modelling to assess current and future climate suitability. Species interactions and drift will be assessed using the Tangled Nature Model (TaNa) (Christensen et al., 2002).The project has clear conservation importance and may inform future conservation policy, restoration, and decision making as a direct result of its findings.

一般认为，一个物种的个体和群落对环境变化的反应都是相同的，不存在种内变异。这是指标物种概念的基础，长期以来一直用于红色名录（Carignan and Villard, 2002; Rodrigues et al., 2006）。然而，最近来自巴西大西洋森林的一项研究发现，多种鸟类对森林砍伐的反应在种内发生了变化（Orme等人，2019），与范围边缘的距离推动了这种变化。当物种种群处于其活动范围的边缘时，它们通常会受到森林砍伐的负面影响（Orme等人，2019）。相比之下，在其活动范围中心的同一物种种群往往要么受到森林砍伐的积极影响，要么不受森林砍伐的影响（Orme等人，2019）。上述模式的驱动因素尚不清楚，但辨别这些对于保护规划和政策制定至关重要。该项目旨在了解以下机制在理解对森林砍伐的响应的种内变化中的作用：气候适应性（psamrez - tris等人，2000）群落层面的物种相互作用（Angelini等人，2016）漂移（Hubbell, 2001）预计，如果在气候适应性高的地区取样，物种的个体和种群对栖息地丧失的敏感性将降低；这些地区随着气候变化而变化。它们与群落中其他物种的相互作用较弱，这将减少竞争的影响，预计竞争将随着栖息地的丧失而增加。同样，兼性互惠物种比专性互惠物种更有弹性；这可能依赖于对栖息地丧失更敏感的物种。由于人口流动，他们当地的人口已经在减少。将使用一系列模型对上述假设进行检验，这些模型将与已有的物种对栖息地丧失的反应数据库结合使用；新的数据也将被添加到数据库中。气候适宜性将使用地理信息系统和物种分布模型进行测试，以评估当前和未来的气候适宜性。物种相互作用和漂移将使用缠结自然模型（TaNa）进行评估（Christensen et al., 2002）。该项目具有明显的保护重要性，其研究结果可能为未来的保护政策、修复和决策提供信息。