Quantifying the time course of tantrum anger

量化发脾气的时间过程

• 批准号: 6823730
• 负责人: MICHAEL POTEGAL
• 金额: $ 19.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-03 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6823730
• 关键词: angers; audiotape; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; face expression; human subject; mathematical model; model design /development; preschool child (1-5); statistics /biometry; videotape /videodisc; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although anger is an important emotion underlying overt aggression of great social cost, little is known about the relations between anger and the behaviors with which it is associated. The almost ubiquitous tantrums of toddlers provide a window onto anger which can be so intense as to be otherwise inaccessible to systematic observation. Analyses of 330 previously collected tantrums suggest that the rise and fall of different angry behaviors reflects the momentary level of anger. We propose to construct a quantitative model which relates the observed temporal variation in each of the angry behaviors to the changing intensity of anger which drives them all. The model will be tested against a more detailed tantrum data set now being collected. Because all the easily observed angry behaviors are already incorporated into the model, new measures of tantrum anger are needed for empirical testing. To meet this need while opening up a promising new area of study, we will acoustically analyze the unexplored diversity of tantrum vocalics. Screams, shouts, whines, and cries, recorded by microphones sewn into the child's shirt, will be digitized and spectrally analyzed by DFT. Temporal changes in vocalic probability, duration, F0 characteristics, and dysphonation will be compared to the anger trajectory calculated from the simultaneously videotaped behaviors. We will also test the model with FACS coded facial expressions and global anger ratings by parents and pediatric experts. Among the major benefits of successful modeling would be the ability to scale behaviors by anger intensity, to estimate total or maximum tantrum anger, and to compare anger intensity within and between children (e.g., related to tantrum triggers, parental intervention, and childhood psychopathology). This project will also provide a paradigm for the analysis of such time course data. The innovative nature of this research, and its novel application of acoustic analysis to tantrum vocalics, qualifies this application for the R21 program.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管愤怒是一种重要的情绪，它是造成巨大社会成本的公开攻击行为的基础，但人们对愤怒与其相关行为之间的关系知之甚少。几乎无处不在的幼儿发脾气为我们提供了一扇了解愤怒的窗口，这种愤怒可能非常强烈，以至于无法通过其他方式进行系统观察。对之前收集的 330 条发脾气的分析表明，不同愤怒行为的上升和下降反映了瞬时的愤怒水平。我们建议构建一个定量模型，将观察到的每种愤怒行为的时间变化与驱动所有愤怒行为的愤怒强度的变化联系起来。该模型将根据目前正在收集的更详细的发脾气数据集进行测试。 由于所有容易观察到的愤怒行为都已纳入模型中，因此需要新的发脾气愤怒测量方法进行实证测试。为了满足这一需求，同时开辟一个有前途的新研究领域，我们将从声学角度分析发脾气的未开发多样性 声乐。缝在孩子衬衫上的麦克风会记录尖叫声、叫喊声、哀嚎声和哭泣声，并通过 DFT 进行数字化和频谱分析。声音概率、持续时间、F0 特征和发声困难的时间变化将与根据同时录像的行为计算出的愤怒轨迹进行比较。我们还将使用 FACS 编码的面部表情以及家长和儿科专家的全球愤怒评级来测试该模型。 成功建模的主要好处之一是能够通过愤怒强度来衡量行为，估计总的或最大的发脾气愤怒，以及比较儿童内部和儿童之间的愤怒强度（例如，与发脾气触发因素、父母干预和儿童精神病理学相关）。该项目还将提供分析此类时间过程数据的范例。这项研究的创新性及其对发脾气声乐的声学分析的新颖应用，使该应用程序符合 R21 计划的资格。