Comprehension/Adaptation to Rapid Speech in Older Adults

老年人对快速言语的理解/适应

• 批准号: 6779813
• 负责人: Jonathan E Peelle
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6779813
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; comprehension; human old age (65+); human subject; memory; neural information processing; noise; performance; predoctoral investigator; speech recognition; syntax

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Spoken language comprehension is a primary means of communication for most adults, and remains so throughout the lifespan. Although older adults' language comprehension is generally good, age-related cognitive decline results in some comprehension deficits. These deficits are not simply a consequence of age-related declines in hearing acuity. The long-term goal of this research program is to find strategies that older adults can actively employ to improve their comprehension of spoken language. This will be accomplished by assessing young and older participants' comprehension of meaningful speech that varies in both speech rate (accomplished using time-compression techniques) and syntactic complexity, two manipulations that older adults are known to find differentially more difficult than their younger counterparts. Of particular interest is whether older adults' performance will improve with repeated exposure to time-compressed speech, and whether this improvement for rapid speech will aid in the comprehension of syntactically complex speech.

描述（由申请人提供）：口语理解是大多数成年人的主要交流手段，并且在整个生命周期中仍然如此。尽管老年人的语言理解通常是良好的，但与年龄相关的认知下降会导致一些理解缺陷。这些缺陷不仅仅是与年龄相关的听力下降的结果。该研究计划的长期目标是找到老年人可以积极采用的策略来提高对口语的理解。这将通过评估年轻人和年长参与者对有意义的语音的理解来实现，这两种语音率（使用时间压缩技术完成）和句法复杂性各不相同，这两种操纵是老年人发现与年轻的对应物更加困难的两种操纵。特别令人感兴趣的是，随着反复接触时间压缩的语音，老年人的表现是否会提高，以及这种快速演讲的改善是否有助于理解语法复杂的语音。