Individual differences in brain networks supporting speech understanding in patients with cochlear implants

支持人工耳蜗患者言语理解的大脑网络的个体差异

• 批准号: 10366520
• 负责人: Jonathan E Peelle
• 金额: $ 58.77万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-03 至 2022-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10366520
• 关键词: Address; Adult; American; Anatomy; Attention; Auditory; Auditory area; Auditory system; Basic Science; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain imaging; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear implant procedure; Cognitive; Communication; Complement; Comprehension; Cues; Custom; Data; Down-Regulation; Electroencephalography; Ensure; Equipment; Esthesia; Evaluation; Goals; Hearing; Human; Image-Guided Surgery; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Labyrinth; Language; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Medical Device; Memory; Methods; Morphologic artifacts; Neurobiology; Neuronal Plasticity; Noise; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Play; Predisposition; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Reproducibility; Research; Resources; Rest; Role; Signal Transduction; Solid; Source; Speech; Speech Intelligibility; Speech Perception; Support System; System; Telephone; Temporal Lobe; Time; Visual; Visual Cortex; Work; audiovisual speech; auditory deprivation; base; behavior measurement; behavioral outcome; clinical application; clinical outcome measures; cognitive ability; cognitive load; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive process; cognitive system; cohort; deaf; density; diffuse optical tomography; experience; flexibility; hearing impairment; hearing restoration; imaging modality; implantation; improved; indexing; individual variation; medical implant; movie; multimodality; neuroimaging; normal hearing; novel; optical imaging; personalized approach; prevent; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; speech processing; speech recognition; success; support network; surgery outcome; visual speech

Abstract Listeners with hearing impairment can often understand spoken language, but with increased effort, taking cognitive resources away from other processes such as attention and memory. An important challenge is therefore to understand how the brain copes with a degraded speech signal and the cognitive processes that are most critical to successful comprehension. Adult listeners with cochlear implants are a unique group in which to investigate effortful listening: They have typically adapted to auditory deprivation for a period of years of profound hearing loss, followed by some degree of hearing restoration following implantation. Following increased auditory input due to cochlear implantation, the degree to which individual listeners are able to successfully recognize speech, especially in the presence of background noise, is extremely variable. Previous attempts to explain this variability in the context of underlying patterns of brain activity have been unsuccessful, in large part because the technical challenges associated with neuroimaging in the presence of an implanted medical device have prevented adequate localization of neural responses to speech. The goal of our research is to understand the cognitive systems that support speech recognition in listeners with cochlear implants and to use knowledge about these systems to improve behavioral outcomes. We do so using converging evidence from behavioral measures and functional brain imaging. We make use of high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT), a form of optical brain imaging that produces anatomically-localized indices of regional cortical activity. We will map the brain networks supporting speech comprehension in listeners with cochlear implants, which we expect to differ from those engaged by listeners with good hearing. We will then evaluate the degree to which neural markers of effortful listening can predict individual differences in speech recognition success in the presence of background noise. Together the findings will help ground our understanding of cochlear implant-aided speech recognition in a neuroanatomically-constrained framework and develop more accurate outcome measures.

抽象的 听力障碍的听众通常可以理解口语，但是随着努力的增加， 认知资源远离其他过程，例如注意力和记忆。一个重要的挑战是 因此，要了解大脑如何应对降解的语音信号和认知过程 对于成功理解最重要。具有人工耳蜗的成年听众是一个独特的群体 要调查努力的聆听：他们通常已经适应了多年的听觉剥夺 植入后的听力损失很大，然后是一定程度的听力恢复。下列的 增加听觉输入是由于人工耳蜗植入，单个听众能够在多大程度上 成功地识别语音，尤其是在背景噪声的情况下，这是极大的变化。以前的 尝试在大脑活动的潜在模式中解释这种可变性的尝试一直没有成功， 在很大程度上是因为在植入的存在下与神经影像相关的技术挑战 医疗设备阻止了神经对语音的反应的充分定位。我们研究的目标 是要理解在具有人工耳蜗的听众中支持语音识别的认知系统和 使用有关这些系统的知识来改善行为结果。我们使用融合的证据这样做 从行为措施和功能性脑成像。我们利用高密度扩散光学 断层扫描（HD点），一种光学脑成像的一种形式，可产生区域性的解剖学指数 皮质活动。我们将绘制带有人工耳蜗的听众中支持语音理解的大脑网络 植入物，我们期望的植入物与听取良好的听众参与的植入物不同。然后我们将评估 努力倾听的神经标记可以预测语音识别的个体差异的程度 在存在背景噪声的情况下成功。这些发现将有助于我们理解 在神经植入的框架中，人工耳蜗植入了语音识别并发展更多 准确的结果度量。