Web-based Environmental Design Lexicon for Dementia care

基于网络的痴呆症护理环境设计词典

• 批准号: 6643207
• 负责人: MARGARET P CALKINS
• 金额: $ 10.13万
• 依托单位: IDEAS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6643207
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; Internet; clinical research; cost effectiveness; dementia; extended care; human subject; mental health information system; vocabulary development for information system

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will create a Web-based dementia design lexicon for designers and long-term care providers that provides a comprehensive assembly of design-related information which is: systematically organized, easily searchable, linked with potential outcomes (resident, staff, family, and organization), and weighted for confidence in the impact/outcome. This project builds on a previously funded project, which has developed the basic content of the lexicon. The genesis of this project stems from the inadequacy of psychological, social and medical research to inform design decision-making. The physical environment has a significant impact on how care is organized, determining everything from the size of groups residents find themselves in for meals and activities to the people they interact (or don't interact) with, to basic care issues such as the ability to maintain continence. However, the greatest impact of gerontological research upon design has been at a global level of abstraction--getting designers to think in terms such as "legibility," "sensory stimulation," and "autonomy." Yet designers are then required to take a "leap of faith," in their decision-making as to what design decisions would forward such goals as "maximizing autonomy." These decisions are often based upon design industry folklore or reasoning by analogy. Thus individuals in long-term care settings, and particularly people with dementia, who comprise between 50 and 80% of all nursing home residents, may be forced to live in settings that are not supportive of their needs and abilities. This project would address these current limitations by creating a highly accessible, research-based, comprehensive database that weights information as being 1) research-based, 2) reflecting the consensus of a group of dementia design experts, or 3) anecdote and without evidence. Phase I of this project has three specific aims. Aim #1 is to translate a portion of the significant amount of information generated through the Alzheimer's Association grant into a database format that reflects the relational structure necessary to make the ultimate product both comprehensive and useable to the end-users. Aim #2 will be to pilot test the database on a sample of potential users (both designers and long-term care clinicians) to ensure it is easily navigated and understandable. If the resulting product is so complex customers find it too difficult to use, it will not be successful. Aim #3 will be to evaluate the efficacy of the database as an informational tool. Ultimately, the goal is that the lexicon will be used to create supportive environments for people with dementia. Phase II will format the rest of the lexicon information into the database, translate it into a user-friendly Web-based resource, and again test its utility in informing the design process. Phase III includes final product development and market penetration plans.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将创建一个基于Web的痴呆症设计词典的设计师和长期护理提供者，提供了一个全面的组装设计相关的信息，这是：系统地组织，易于搜索，与潜在的结果（居民，工作人员，家庭和组织），并加权的影响/结果的信心。这个项目是在以前资助的一个项目的基础上发展起来的，该项目已经发展了词典的基本内容。这个项目的起源源于心理，社会和医学研究的不足，以告知设计决策。物理环境对护理的组织方式有着重大影响，决定了从居民发现自己在用餐和活动中的群体规模到他们与之互动（或不互动）的人，再到基本护理问题，如维持健康的能力。然而，老年学研究对设计的最大影响是在一个全球性的抽象层面上--让设计师从“易读性”、“感官刺激”和“自主性”等方面进行思考。然而，设计师需要在他们的决策中采取“信仰的飞跃”，即什么样的设计决策将推动诸如“最大化自主权”之类的目标。“这些决定往往是基于设计行业的民间传说或类比推理。因此，长期护理环境中的个人，特别是痴呆症患者，占所有养老院居民的50%至80%，可能被迫生活在不支持他们需求和能力的环境中。该项目将通过创建一个高度可访问的，基于研究的，全面的数据库来解决这些当前的限制，该数据库将信息加权为1）基于研究，2）反映一组痴呆症设计专家的共识，或3）轶事和没有证据。 该项目的第一阶段有三个具体目标。目标#1是将通过阿尔茨海默氏症协会赠款产生的大量信息的一部分转换为数据库格式，该格式反映了使最终产品对最终用户既全面又可用所需的关系结构。目标#2将在潜在用户（设计师和长期护理临床医生）样本上对数据库进行试点测试，以确保其易于导航和理解。如果最终的产品是如此复杂，客户发现它太难使用，它将不会成功。目标3是评价数据库作为信息工具的有效性。最终，我们的目标是将词汇用于为痴呆症患者创造支持环境。第二阶段将把其余的词汇信息格式化输入数据库，将其转换为用户友好的基于网络的资源，并再次测试其在为设计过程提供信息方面的效用。第三阶段包括最终产品开发和市场渗透计划。