REDUCING RISK & ENHANCING PROTECTIVE FACTORS IN CHILDREN

这是养育健康儿童（降低儿童风险和增强儿童保护因素，DA 08093）综合预防试验（随机分配到实验和控制条件）的竞争性延续。该提案寻求五年的持续资助，以从全部研究样本中收集数据，并对实验条件下的受试者进行社会发展促进干预。养育健康儿童（RHC）是与华盛顿州西雅图市区埃德蒙学区合作进行的一项实地实验。该项目的重点是测试干预措施，以改变家庭、学校、同龄群体和个人等主要社会机构中与发展相适应的风险和保护因素。在试验中嵌入的是对物质使用的病因和物质使用模式的纵向研究。这项社会发展预防试验和病因学研究最初于1993年获得资助，为期三年，并于1996年获得退款，为期5年。本申请建议通过以家庭为重点的促进会议，继续进行与发展相适应的社会发展预防干预，这些促进会议对应于经常增加风险和减少保护的关键过渡：过渡到高中，过渡到无人陪伴驾驶，以及高中后的过渡。本提案将调查纵向预防干预的效果；在数据收集的最后一年，研究队列将为18-19岁。检查干预之外的影响与研究一致，表明长期随访的影响可能比测试后更强（例如Botvin等人，1995；Pentz等人，1994；Tremblay等人，1996），干预组和对照组在相对短暂的干预（3年半）后很长一段时间内（Spoth等人，正在审查中）出现越来越不同的轨迹。

This is a competing continuation of a comprehensive prevention trial (with random assignment to experimental and control conditions) of Raising Healthy Children (Reducing Risk and Enhancing Protective Factors in Children, DA 08093). This proposal seeks five years of continued funding to conduct data collection from the full study sample and social development booster interventions with subjects in the experimental condition. The Raising Healthy Children (RHC) is a field experiment conducted in cooperation with the Edmond's school district in the Seattle, WA metropolitan area. The project is focused on testing interventions to change developmentally appropriate risk and protective factors in the primary socializing institutions of family, school, peer group and the individual. Embedded within the trial is a longitudinal study of the etiology of substance use and patterns of substance use. This social development prevention trial and etiological study was originally funded in 1993 for three years and was refunded for 5 more years in 1996. This application proposes to continue developmentally appropriate social development preventive intervention through family focused booster sessions that correspond to critical transitions that often enhance risk and reduce protection: the transition to high school, the transition to unaccompanied driving, and the post high school transition. This proposal will investigate the efficacy of the longitudinal prevention intervention; the study cohort will be 18-19 years old during the final year of data collection. Examining effects beyond the intervention is consistent with research indicating that effects may be stronger at long-term follow ups than they are at post-test (e.g. Botvin et al., 1995; Pentz et al., 1994; Tremblay, et al. 1996) and the emergence of increasingly divergent trajectories between intervention and control groups long after (3 1/2 years) a relatively brief intervention (Spoth et al., under review).