('No One had Heard Such a Thing Before'): Women in Old Norse Translations of Latin

（“以前没有人听过这样的事情”）：古挪威拉丁语译本中的女性

• 批准号: 2435208
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2435208
• 关键词: No; had; Heard; Such; Thing

Despite recent interest in the role of women in Old Norse literature, there is currently no analysis of the fascinating and complex women in the Old Norse translations of Latin texts. Jenny Jochens (1996), and others have extensively analysed the presentation of Old Norse women but do not mention the translations of Latin. Such texts have generally received little critical attention, and many are only available in semi-diplomatic editions. The women presented in them, however, are rich with analytical potential. My thesis will expand the field of Old Norse gender studies, which currently restricts itself to the popular Eddas and sagas. By analysing this literary collision of cultures, my thesis will reveal nuances within the depiction of Old Norse women. Similarities are often drawn between Old Norse and Latin female figures due to surface parallels. My thesis will dispel the assumption of a homogenous depiction by examining the translators' development of the presentation of women when faced with the vernacular. My project will contribute not only to the sparse field of research into Old Norse translations of Latin, but it will also add a new dimension to Old Norse gender criticism. My research will be divided as follows: Sagas of Antiquity Texts like Breta sogur (1892-6), Trojumanna saga (1963 and 1981), and Romverja saga (2010) contain complex female characters. My research will build upon Stefanie Wurth's book Der Antikenroman (1998) and numerous articles (2006, 2011, etc.), but with a specific focus on women. I will analyse figures such as Troumanna saga's Helen of Troy, Hecuba, and Medea, as well as Breta sogur's Igerna. These texts exist in multiple manuscripts, each placing different emphasis on emotion. This affects our reading of female characters, most of whom exist with emotional connections to men. My thesis will also analyse mythological women, including the intervening goddesses and the volva-like witch in Romverja saga, who is also depicted visually in the marginalia of the manuscript AM 595 a-b 4to. Biblical Translations The Old Norse translation of parts of the Latin Vulgate Bible, Stjorn (1862), also depicts women with interesting relationship dynamics. Sian Gronlie's recent publication (2019) explores some of the gendered relations within Stjorn, particularly the conflict between Hagar the Egyptian and Sarah, which has parallels in Laxdæla saga. My research will touch on this but also work outwards to analyse figures such as Rehab the Harlot and the wives of David. The Old Norse Book of Judith will form an essential part of this section; the writing of Svanhildur Óskarsdóttir (2000) remains the text's only major study. This powerful biblical figure, whose Old English version receives extensive critical attention, is relatively ignored by Old Norse scholarship. My thesis will rectify this. Saints' Lives The Old Norse hagiographies also depict intriguing women such as Cecilia, Margaret, Mary Magdalen, and the Virgin Mary. The early saints' lives, which predate the popular sagas, offer a unique insight into earlier Christian Norse attitudes to women. Multiple versions of these hagiographies exist; I shall focus my close textual analysis on the earlier versions, which are closer to the Latin originals, but I shall also take account of later versions, which adapt the Latin to comply with Old Norse culture. This will reveal transnational changes to the portrayal of women as Old Norse writers freely develop the stories.The Old Norse translations of Latin depict women with selfhoods and relationships as nuanced as those of the popular Eddas and sagas. By selecting case studies from this corpus, my research will fill an important gap in Old Norse scholarship, enriching our knowledge of how the depiction of women is transformed across temporal and cultural divisions.

尽管最近对古挪威文学中女性的角色感兴趣，但目前还没有对拉丁文本的古挪威语翻译中迷人而复杂的女性进行分析。珍妮·约瑟芬（1996年）和其他人广泛分析了古挪威妇女的表现，但没有提到拉丁语的翻译。这些文本一般很少受到批评，许多文本只有半外交版本。然而，其中的女性具有丰富的分析潜力。我的论文将扩展古挪威语性别研究的领域，目前仅限于流行的埃达斯和萨迦。通过分析这种文化的文学碰撞，我的论文将揭示细微差别内的古挪威妇女的描绘。古挪威语和拉丁语的女性形象由于表面上的相似之处而经常被画出来。本论文将通过考察译者在面对白话文时对女性形象的呈现来消除同质性描写的假设。我的项目不仅将有助于研究拉丁语的古挪威语翻译的稀疏领域，但它也将增加一个新的层面，古挪威语的性别批评。我的研究将分为以下几个部分：古代的传奇文本，如Breta sogur（1892-6），Trojumanna佐贺（1963年和1981年）和Romverja佐贺（2010年）包含复杂的女性角色。我的研究将建立在Stefanie Wurth的书Der Antikenroman（1998）和许多文章（2006年，2011年等）的基础上，但特别关注女性。我将分析特鲁曼纳佐贺的《特洛伊的海伦》、《赫卡柏》和《美狄亚》，以及布丽塔·索古尔的《伊格尔纳》等人物。这些文本存在于多个手稿中，每一个都对情感有不同的强调。这影响了我们对女性角色的阅读，其中大多数女性角色与男性存在情感联系。我的论文还将分析神话中的女性，包括在Romverja佐贺中介入的女祭司和类似于草菇的女巫，她也在手稿AM 595 a-b 4 to的旁注中进行了视觉描绘。《圣经翻译》拉丁文《圣经》部分内容的古挪威语译本《Stjorn》（1862年）也描绘了女性与有趣的关系动态。Sian Gronlie最近的出版物（2019）探讨了Stjorn内部的一些性别关系，特别是埃及人Hagar和Sarah之间的冲突，这在Laxdæla佐贺中有相似之处。我的研究将触及这一点，但也向外工作，以分析数字，如康复的妓女和妻子的大卫。古挪威语的《朱迪思之书》将构成本节的重要组成部分;《斯万希尔杜尔·斯万斯卡斯多蒂尔》（2000年）的写作仍然是该文本唯一的主要研究。这个强大的圣经人物，其古英语版本受到广泛的关注，是相对忽视的古挪威奖学金。我的论文将纠正这一点。圣徒的生活古挪威人的圣徒传记也描绘了有趣的妇女，如塞西莉亚，玛格丽特，玛丽抹大拉，和圣母玛丽。早期的圣徒的生活，早于流行的传奇，提供了一个独特的洞察早期基督教挪威人对妇女的态度。这些圣徒传有多种版本;我将集中对更接近拉丁原文的早期版本进行文本分析，但我也将考虑到后来的版本，这些版本改编了拉丁语以符合古北欧文化。这将揭示跨国变化的妇女描绘作为古挪威作家自由发展的故事。古挪威语翻译的拉丁文描绘妇女的自我和关系的微妙的那些流行的埃达斯和萨迦。通过从这个语料库中选择案例研究，我的研究将填补古挪威奖学金的一个重要空白，丰富我们对女性的描述如何在时间和文化上发生变化的知识。