Effects Of Domestic Violence And Evaluation Of Testimony

家庭暴力的影响和证词评估

• 批准号: 6813706
• 负责人: Michael Lamb
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6813706
• 关键词: Israel; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; child abuse; child psychology; clinical research; crime victims; data collection methodology /evaluation; domestic violence; field study; human subject; interview; memory; middle childhood (6-11); preschool child (1-5); sex abuse; spouse abuse

One program of research has involved the development and assessment of techniques for enhancing the informativeness of child witnesses and for evaluating the credibility of their accounts. In collaboration with investigative agencies in the US, UK, and Israel, interviewers elicited higher quality information when they following SSED-designed interview protocols. Use of the NICHD protocol dramatically increased the amount of information retrieved from four- to 13-year-old alleged victims using open-ended prompts, although there were important age differences in the types of information (e.g., regarding temporal context) that children provided. Preliminary analyses also show that young witnesses recall as much information in total, as well as in response to open-ended prompts, as alleged victims do. Alleged suspects who agree to talk provide as much information about their experiences as age mates who are alleged victims. Other field experiments have shown that mental context reinstatement and the introduction of gender-neutral anatomical drawings in the context of protocol-guided interviews both help children provide substantial numbers of additional details about the alleged incidents of abuse. Other non-suggestive techniques for prompting memory retrieval are being evaluated as well. Procedures are being developed to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of the conclusions drawn from investigative interviews and evaluate the strengths and limitations of techniques designed to evaluate children's credibility. Another program of research is concerned with the effects of child and spouse abuse on the development of children and adolescents. In both middle childhood and adolescence, family violence appears to affect the offsprings' views of their parents. Children/adolescents feel less closely attached to parents who have abused them, whereas spouse abuse has no apparent effects on the children's attachments to either parent.

一个研究方案涉及开发和评估各种技术，以提高儿童证人的信息量，并评估其陈述的可信度。在与美国，英国和以色列的调查机构合作，采访者在遵循SSED设计的采访协议时获得了更高质量的信息。使用NICHD协议大大增加了使用开放式提示从4至13岁的据称受害者检索到的信息量，尽管信息类型存在重要的年龄差异（例如，关于时间的背景），孩子们提供。初步分析还表明，年轻证人在总体上以及在对开放式提示的反应中回忆起的信息与据称受害人一样多。同意谈话的嫌疑人提供的关于他们的经历的信息与声称是受害者的同龄人一样多。其他现场实验表明，心理背景恢复和引入性别中立的解剖图的背景下，协议引导的采访都有助于儿童提供大量的额外细节有关的虐待事件的指控。其他促进记忆提取的非暗示性技术也在评估中。目前正在制定程序，以提高调查访谈结论的敏感性和具体性，并评估旨在评估儿童可信度的技术的优势和局限性。另一项研究计划涉及虐待儿童和配偶对儿童和青少年发展的影响。在童年中期和青少年时期，家庭暴力似乎会影响子女对父母的看法。儿童/青少年对虐待他们的父母的依恋程度较低，而配偶虐待对儿童对父母的依恋程度没有明显影响。