Intra-abdominal fat and risk of disease in adolescents

青少年腹内脂肪与疾病风险

• 批准号: 6758637
• 负责人: Michael Isaac Goran
• 金额: $ 26.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-01 至 2005-07-04
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6758637
• 关键词: African American; adipose tissue; adolescence (12-20); blood chemistry; body composition; body physical activity; cardiovascular disorder; caucasian American; clinical research; computed axial tomography; disease /disorder proneness /risk; epidemiology; gender difference; glucose metabolism; glucose tolerance; glucose tolerance test; human puberty; human subject; insulin sensitivity /resistance; longitudinal human study; noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; photon absorptiometry; racial /ethnic difference; statistics /biometry; urinalysis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The specific aim of this competitive renewal application is to extend data collection in our existing cohort of Caucasian and African American children, so that data on changes in body composition, abdominal fat distribution and insulin action and secretion are obtained in all children to the point of achieving full maturation. Progress: We have established a successful cohort study and made considerable progress towards understanding differences in metabolic risk factors that occur during early pubertal growth (to the point of mid-puberty), how these are influenced by body fat and visceral fat, and especially how these differ between African American and Caucasian children. We have shown that African American children have unfavorable differences in glucose metabolism (hyperinsulinemia, reduced insulin sensitivity, and increased acute insulin response) that remain highly significant even after adjusting for differences in body composition, fat distribution, physical activity and dietary factors. We have shown that the transition from Tanner Ito Ill is associated with a 33% reduction in insulin sensitivity with a lower than expected rise in the acute insulin response. This pubertal fall in insulin sensitivity is independent of obesity status and consistent across gender and ethnic groups. Based on these findings and other preliminary data we are proposing two new hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: Insulin sensitivity will increase and the acute insulin response will decrease from Tanner Ill to Tanner V towards the levels observed prior to puberty. However, the overall recovery of insulin sensitivity and the acute insulin response, as indicated by the change in the disposition index will be poorer in African American children and more obese children; Hypothesis 2:Glucose tolerance will be maintained during puberty by an increase in first-phase insulin secretion except in the most susceptible of individuals (e.g. African-American females) who will show an impairment in first-phase insulin secretion with progression of puberty. Summary: This competitive renewal provides a unique opportunity to examine the nature of transient insulin resistance during puberty, and especially how this may differ in African American children who are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes during puberty.

描述（由申请人提供）：本次竞争性更新申请的具体目的是扩展我们现有的高加索和非洲裔美国儿童队列的数据收集，以便获得所有儿童的身体组成，腹部脂肪分布和胰岛素作用和分泌变化的数据，直至达到完全成熟。进展：我们已经建立了一项成功的队列研究，并在了解青春期早期（到青春期中期）代谢危险因素的差异方面取得了相当大的进展，这些因素是如何受到体脂和内脏脂肪的影响的，特别是这些因素在非裔美国人和白种人儿童之间的差异。我们已经表明，非裔美国儿童在葡萄糖代谢方面存在不利的差异（高胰岛素血症、胰岛素敏感性降低和急性胰岛素反应增加），即使在调整了身体成分、脂肪分布、体力活动和饮食因素的差异后，这种差异仍然非常显著。我们已经证明，从坦纳伊藤病的转变与胰岛素敏感性降低33%有关，而急性胰岛素反应的上升低于预期。青春期胰岛素敏感性的下降与肥胖状况无关，并且在性别和种族群体中是一致的。基于这些发现和其他初步数据，我们提出了两个新的假设。假设1：胰岛素敏感性会增加，从Tanner ii到Tanner V的急性胰岛素反应会降低到青春期前的水平。然而，非裔美国儿童的胰岛素敏感性的整体恢复和急性胰岛素反应，如处置指数的变化，将较差，肥胖儿童较多；假设2：葡萄糖耐量将在青春期通过第一阶段胰岛素分泌的增加来维持，除了最易受影响的个体（如非裔美国女性），她们会随着青春期的进展而表现出第一阶段胰岛素分泌的损害。摘要：这种竞争性更新提供了一个独特的机会来研究青春期短暂性胰岛素抵抗的本质，特别是在青春期2型糖尿病风险增加的非裔美国儿童中，这可能有何不同。