Functional Organization of the Auditory Cortex

描述：（改编自申请人的摘要）：我们提出， 灵长类听觉皮层分为三个主要区域： 三个初级区域，一个带状区域包含七个或八个区域， 在侧面和中间与芯邻接，以及具有至少 至少有两个细分。每个区域代表一个连续的 处理，每个区域内的细分都是由并行 输入。第一个具体目标针对的是一个最具试验性的方面 这表明腰带的内侧和外侧部分 区域功能不同。皮质和皮质下的模式 这两个地区之间的联系不同， AT患者听觉和躯体感觉会聚的电生理学证据 最少的一部分内侧带。我们将检验这一假设， 侧带区域调节听觉处理的不同方面， 旨在确定个体功能组织的实验 领域的多单元记录将用于识别感受野 神经元簇的性质、地形模式和 细分。这些数据将指导神经示踪剂的放置， 单独的领域，以揭示皮层和皮层下的连接。的 解剖学和生理学数据将被组合成 每个区域评估其对听觉皮层处理的贡献， 一般性的，以及相对于一般假设的重要性。 一个相关的问题涉及到听觉的基本原则在多大程度上 猴子的皮质组织可以推广到人类。作为第二个目标， 我们将比较非人类灵长类动物听觉皮层的结构特征， 还有人类分析细胞结构、骨髓结构和 乙酰胆碱酯酶，细胞色素氧化酶，小清蛋白， 钙结合蛋白，SMI-32和CAT-301将被组合，以表征和比较 听觉皮层的核心、带状和副带场的结构 猴子猿类和人类正如人类功能研究所表明的那样， 在非人类灵长类动物中，我们希望在物种之间找到相似之处，但重要的是， 可能存在与功能专门化相关的差异。推进我们 了解基本的听觉皮层组织和处理， 对于继续努力评估病理学对 听觉功能、损伤后恢复能力以及 effeSECONDARY

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from applicant's abstract): We have proposed that the primate auditory cortex is organized into three major regions: a core region of three primary-like areas, a belt region containing seven or eight areas bordering the core laterally and medially, and a parabelt region that has at least two subdivisions. Each region represents a successive level of processing, and subdivisions within each region are activated by parallel inputs. The first specific aim is directed at one of the most tentative aspects of this model, which suggests that the medial and lateral portions of the belt region are functionally-distinct. Patterns of cortical and subcortical connections differ between these two regions, and there is compelling electrophysiological evidence of auditory and somatosensory convergence in at least part of the medial belt. We will test the hypothesis that the medial and lateral belt regions mediate different aspects of auditory processing in experiments designed to determine the functional organization of individual fields. Multiunit recordings will be used to identify receptive field properties of neuronal clusters, topographic patterns, and boundaries between subdivisions. These data will guide the placement of neuronal tracers within individual fields to reveal cortical and subcortical connections. The anatomical and physiological data will be combined into functional profiles of each area to evaluate their contributions to auditory cortical processing, in general, and signficance with respect to the general hypothesis. A related issue concerns the extent to which the basic principles of auditory cortical organization in monkeys can be generalized to humans. As a second aim, we will compare architectonic features of auditory cortex in nonhuman primates and humans. Analyses of cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, and the distribution of acetyicholinesterase, cytochrome oxidase, parvalbumin, calbindin, SMI-32, and CAT-301 will be combined to characterize and compare the architecture of core, belt, and parabelt fields in the auditory cortex of monkeys, apes, and humans. As suggested by functional studies in humans and nonhuman primates, we expect to find similarities across species, but important differences may exist that relate to functional specializations. Advancing our understanding of basic auditory cortical organization and processing is essential for continued efforts to evaluate the effects of pathology on auditory function, the capacity for recovery after injury, and the effeSECONDARY