Functional Organization of the Auditory Cortex

描述：(改编自申请人的摘要)：我们已建议 灵长类听觉皮质被组织成三个主要区域： 三个原生区，一个包含七八个区域的带状区域 与核心的横向和内侧接壤，以及在 至少有两个分区。每个区域代表一个连续的级别 处理，每个区域内的细分由并行激活 投入。第一个具体目标是针对最试探性的方面之一 这表明腰带的内侧和外侧部分 区域在功能上是不同的。皮质和皮质下的模式 这两个地区之间的联系不同，而且有令人信服的 听觉和躯体感觉会聚的电生理学证据 至少是内侧腰带的一部分。我们将检验这样一种假设，即内侧和 侧带区域调节听觉加工的不同方面。 旨在确定个体功能组织的实验 菲尔兹。多单位录音将用于识别接受场 神经元簇的特性、地形图模式和之间的边界 细分。这些数据将指导将神经元示踪剂放置在 显示皮质和皮质下连接的单个区域。这个 解剖学和生理学数据将被结合到功能配置文件中 每个区域评估它们对听觉皮质处理的贡献，在 概括性，以及关于一般假设的意义。 一个相关的问题涉及到听觉的基本原理在多大程度上 猴子的大脑皮层组织可以推广到人类。作为第二个目标， 我们将比较非人灵长类动物听觉皮质的结构特征 和人类。分析细胞构筑、骨髓构筑和 乙酰胆碱酯酶、细胞色素氧化酶、小白蛋白、 Calbindin、SMI-32和CAT-301将结合在一起，以表征和比较 人听皮层核心区、带状区和副带区的构筑 猴子、猿和人类。根据人类的功能研究和 非人灵长类动物，我们希望在不同物种之间找到相似之处，但重要的是 可能存在与功能专业化相关的差异。推进我们的 对基本听觉皮质组织和处理的理解是 对于继续努力评估病理学对 听觉功能，损伤后恢复能力，以及 效果非常好

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from applicant's abstract): We have proposed that the primate auditory cortex is organized into three major regions: a core region of three primary-like areas, a belt region containing seven or eight areas bordering the core laterally and medially, and a parabelt region that has at least two subdivisions. Each region represents a successive level of processing, and subdivisions within each region are activated by parallel inputs. The first specific aim is directed at one of the most tentative aspects of this model, which suggests that the medial and lateral portions of the belt region are functionally-distinct. Patterns of cortical and subcortical connections differ between these two regions, and there is compelling electrophysiological evidence of auditory and somatosensory convergence in at least part of the medial belt. We will test the hypothesis that the medial and lateral belt regions mediate different aspects of auditory processing in experiments designed to determine the functional organization of individual fields. Multiunit recordings will be used to identify receptive field properties of neuronal clusters, topographic patterns, and boundaries between subdivisions. These data will guide the placement of neuronal tracers within individual fields to reveal cortical and subcortical connections. The anatomical and physiological data will be combined into functional profiles of each area to evaluate their contributions to auditory cortical processing, in general, and signficance with respect to the general hypothesis. A related issue concerns the extent to which the basic principles of auditory cortical organization in monkeys can be generalized to humans. As a second aim, we will compare architectonic features of auditory cortex in nonhuman primates and humans. Analyses of cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, and the distribution of acetyicholinesterase, cytochrome oxidase, parvalbumin, calbindin, SMI-32, and CAT-301 will be combined to characterize and compare the architecture of core, belt, and parabelt fields in the auditory cortex of monkeys, apes, and humans. As suggested by functional studies in humans and nonhuman primates, we expect to find similarities across species, but important differences may exist that relate to functional specializations. Advancing our understanding of basic auditory cortical organization and processing is essential for continued efforts to evaluate the effects of pathology on auditory function, the capacity for recovery after injury, and the effeSECONDARY