Examining low and high communication technologies for dementia-inclusive community programming

该项目属于EPSRC信息和通信技术（ICT）研究领域。痴呆症是一种导致认知功能退化的进行性疾病，目前影响着全球约5000万人（2020年痴呆症）。痴呆症会使一个人被社会孤立的风险增加50%，这会对一个人的身心健康产生负面影响（美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院，2020年）。技术可以通过为老年人提供社会联系和包容的手段来减少老年人的社会孤立（Baecker等人，2014年；Marston等人，2019年）。此外，技术可以作为代际交流和学习的桥梁（Axelrod and Kahn 2019, Freeman et al. 2020, Welsh et al. 2018）。然而，这些技术研究大多涉及代际家庭成员，并没有考虑到可能无法拥有类似经历的无子女成年人（Hadley 2019）。此外，许多老年人对采用社交技术感到担忧，因为他们认为社交技术会促进反社会行为，更喜欢面对面的互动（Marston et al. 2019）。此外，对于那些除了正常衰老之外还有其他感官问题的痴呆症患者来说，采用或使用特定技术可能会有更大的顾虑（Houston和Christie， 2018）。随着COVID-19大流行，一些隔离问题增加了（对于那些没有或无法上网的人），但它也揭示了未来变革的机会。因此，研究如何将线上和线下的社区空间和规划融合在一起是很及时的。关注更大的社区将提供代际支持的机会，而不管一个人的家庭地位如何。但是，通过从痴呆症患者的角度理解包容性，我们将能够制定一个框架来设计社区空间和项目，使那些具有不同感官敏感性和认知能力的人更具包容性。作品引用：Axelrod， D. B, & Kahn， J.（2019）。代际家庭故事和大规模数据集建模。第18届ACM交互设计与儿童国际会议论文集，IDC 2019 （pp. 352-360）。（第18届ACM交互设计与儿童国际会议论文集，IDC 2019）。美国计算机协会，Inc. https://doi.org/10.1145/3311927.3323153Baecker， R., Sellen， K., Crosskey， S., Boscart， V., & Neves, b.b.（2014）。减少社会隔离和孤独感的技术。ASSETS14 -第16届国际ACM SIGACCESS计算机和可访问性会议论文集（第27-34页）。第16届国际ACM SIGACCESS计算机与可访问性会议论文集（ASSETS14）。计算机协会（ACM）。https://doi.org/10.1145/2661334.2661375Dementia。(2020)。检索自https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementiaFreeman， S., Marston， H. R, Olynick， J., Musselwhite， C., Kulczycki， C., Genoe， R., & Xiong， B.（2020）。技术使用对晚年生活影响的代际效应：来自一项国际、多地点研究的见解。国际环境研究与公共卫生杂志，17(16),5711。doi:10.3390/ijerph17165711Hadley， R.（2019）。“这是我生命中的大部分时间——去酒吧或参加团体活动”：非自愿没有孩子的老年男性的社交网络。老龄化与社会，1-26。doi:10.1017/S0144686X19000837Houston， A., & Christie， J.（2018）。说话理智：生活在感官变化和痴呆中。悉尼，新南威尔士州：HammondCare。Marston, h.r., Genoe， R., Freeman， S., Kulczycki， C.和Musselwhite， C.（2019）。老年人对ICT的认知：来自技术在晚年生活（TILL）研究的主要发现。医疗保健（瑞士巴塞尔），7(3),86。https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7030086Welsh， D, Morrissey， K, Foley， S, McNaney， R, Sali

This project falls within the EPSRC Information and Communication technologies (ICT) research area. Dementia is a progressive disease that leads to degradation of cognitive functions and currently affects around 50 million people worldwide (Dementia 2020). Dementia increases a person's risk of social isolation by 50%, which can negatively impact one's physical and mental health (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2020). Technology can reduce older adults' social isolation by providing them with a means for social connectedness and inclusion (Baecker et al. 2014, Marston et al. 2019. Moreover, technology can serve as a bridge between generations by allowing for intergenerational exchange and learning (Axelrod and Kahn 2019, Freeman et al. 2020, Welsh et al. 2018). However, most of these technological studies have involved intergenerational family members and do not account for childless adults who may be unable to have similar experiences (Hadley 2019). Additionally, many older adults have apprehension about adopting social technologies as they view them as promoting anti-social behaviour and prefer face-to-face interactions (Marston et al. 2019). Furthermore, for those with dementia with additional sensory issues beyond normal aging, there can be a greater apprehension of adopting or using specific technologies (Houston and Christie 2018). With the COVID-19 pandemic, some isolation issues have increased (for those who do not or cannot move online), but it has also revealed opportunities for future change. Therefore, it is timely to examine ways of blending online and offline community spaces and programming. Focusing on the greater community will provide opportunities for intergenerational support regardless of one's family standing. But by understanding inclusivity from the perspective of those with dementia, we will be able to develop a framework for design community spaces and programming that is more inclusive of those with differing sensory sensitives and cognitive abilities. Works Cited: Axelrod, D. B., & Kahn, J. (2019). Intergenerational family storytelling and modeling with large-scale data sets. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM International Conference on Interaction Design and Children, IDC 2019 (pp. 352-360). (Proceedings of the 18th ACM International Conference on Interaction Design and Children, IDC 2019). Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1145/3311927.3323153Baecker, R., Sellen, K., Crosskey, S., Boscart, V., & Neves, B. B. (2014). Technology to reduce social isolation and loneliness. In ASSETS14 - Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (pp. 27-34). (ASSETS14 - Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility). Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). https://doi.org/10.1145/2661334.2661375Dementia. (2020). Retrieved 17 November 2020, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementiaFreeman, S., Marston, H. R., Olynick, J., Musselwhite, C., Kulczycki, C., Genoe, R., & Xiong, B. (2020). Intergenerational Effects on the Impacts of Technology Use in Later Life: Insights from an International, Multi-Site Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(16), 5711. doi:10.3390/ijerph17165711Hadley, R. (2019). 'It's most of my life - going to the pub or the group': The social networks of involuntarily childless older men. Ageing and Society, 1-26. doi:10.1017/S0144686X19000837Houston, A., & Christie, J. (2018). Talking sense: Living with sensory changes and dementia. Sydney, N.S.W.: HammondCare.Marston, H. R., Genoe, R., Freeman, S., Kulczycki, C., & Musselwhite, C. (2019). Older Adults' Perceptions of ICT: Main Findings from the Technology In Later Life (TILL) Study. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 7(3), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7030086Welsh, D., Morrissey, K., Foley, S., McNaney, R., Sali