Welfare Reform and Migration

福利改革与移民

• 批准号: 6837638
• 负责人: GORDON F DEJONG
• 金额: $ 22.37万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-02-01 至 2007-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6837638
• 关键词: Welfare; Reform; Migration

EXCEED THE SPACE PROVIDED. Has devolution of welfare policy in the1996 welfare reform legislation created new state benefits and rules inequalities that engender inter-and intra-state migration of welfare poor families? Does welfare-driven migration result in increased after-move well-being compared with before the move for welfare poor families versus non-migrant families? This study uses merged data from four sources -- the 1996 and 2001 panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), the Urban Institute's Welfare Rules Database, and a local labor market characteristics file created from decennial census and Current Population Survey data -- in a longitudinal, two-stage specification of welfare- benefit "push" and "pull,' impacts on poor families' migration behavior. Based upon a state welfare policy inequality framework, we use factor analysis to develop measures from post-1996 textual policy manuals to operationalize 15 welfare benefit and eligibility rule dimensions and to test hypothesized state program effects on migration. We use discrete-time event history_ analysis to predict migration events (inter-state and intra-state migration) in the SIPP data. Our multi-level hierarchical modeling strategy is an integrated, and previously untested, micro-macro analysis of three determinant-of-migration hypotheses for welfare poor families. These tests evaluate effects of 1) time- varying state welfare policy characteristics; 2) individual and family characteristics, including five life history dimensions-migration, welfare, work, marital status and childbearing, an educational skills upgrade and network ties from the information-rich SIPPfiles; and 3) local labor market-level economic opportunity structure indicators. Following Frey et al. (1996), we separately analyze push and pull migration effects of our hypothesized co-variates through, first, a "destination model" for identifying pull effects, and then, a "departure model" which identifies push effects for potential migrants' origin locations grouped by class of states according to state policy criteria. This two- stage model with state welfare policy, local labor market, and individual and household indicators will provide a strong test, giving new evidence on the "salience of benefit variation to subjects" thesis (Shram and Voss 1999) regarding the welfare policy impact on migration. Finally, we model post-move family income, welfare benefits, and welfare participation requirements as well-being outcomes of welfare poor migrants versus non-migrants using time-ordered additive and interactive OLS regression models with consideration of migration-selection characteristics. PERFORMANCE SITE ========================================Section End===========================================

超出所提供的空间。 1996年福利改革立法中的福利政策下放是否造成了新的国家福利和规则不平等，导致福利贫困家庭在国家之间和国家内部迁移？与非移民家庭相比，福利驱动的移民是否会导致福利贫困家庭移民后的幸福感较移民前有所提高？ 本研究使用了四个来源的合并数据——1996年和2001年收入和计划参与调查（SIPP）小组、城市研究所的福利规则数据库以及根据十年一次的人口普查和当前人口调查数据创建的当地劳动力市场特征文件——以纵向、两阶段的方式详细说明福利福利“推”和“拉”对贫困家庭迁移行为的影响。 框架中，我们使用因子分析来制定 1996 年后文本政策手册的措施，以实施 15 个福利和资格规则维度，并测试假设的国家计划对移民的影响。我们使用离散时间事件历史分析来预测 SIPP 数据中的迁移事件（州间和州内迁移）。我们的多层次分层建模策略是对三个方面进行集成且之前未经测试的微观宏观分析 福利贫困家庭的移民决定因素假说。这些测试评估以下因素的影响：1）随时间变化的国家福利政策特征； 2）个人和家庭特征，包括五个生活史维度——移民、福利、工作、婚姻状况和生育、教育技能升级和来自信息丰富的SIPP档案的网络联系； 3）当地劳动力市场层面的经济机会结构指标。 继弗雷等人之后。 （1996），我们分别分析了我们假设的协变量的推移和拉移移民效应，首先通过“目的地模型”来识别拉动效应，然后通过“出发模型”来识别根据国家政策标准按州类别分组的潜在移民原籍地的推力效应。这种结合国家福利政策、当地劳动力市场以及个人和家庭指标的两阶段模型将提供强有力的检验，为“效益显着性”提供新的证据。 “受试者的变异”论文（Shram 和 Voss 1999）涉及福利政策对移民的影响。最后，我们使用时间排序的加法和交互式 OLS 回归模型，并考虑移民选择特征，将搬迁后的家庭收入、福利待遇和福利参与要求建模为福利贫困移民与非移民的福祉结果。 =========================================章节结束==============================================