Syntheses of HIV Risk Reduction Research

降低艾滋病毒风险研究综述

• 批准号: 6824900
• 负责人: BLAIR T JOHNSON
• 金额: $ 46.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-10 至 2007-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6824900
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; HIV infections; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; communicable disease transmission; condoms; disease /disorder proneness /risk; gender difference; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human data; intravenous drug abuse; meta analysis; needle sharing; sex behavior; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application for a competing renewal grant proposes to synthesize and organize existing knowledge regarding HIV transmission through behavior change. This synthesis will be achieved through a continuing series of seven theoretically guided and methodologically rigorous meta-analyses. Study 1 will gather and synthesize studies evaluating HIV prevention studies in developing regions and countries. Study 2 will gather and synthesize studies evaluating prevention of HIV in IDU and drug-use behaviors. Study 3 will examine gender differences in response to intensive HIV risk-reduction efforts. Study 4 will determine how the content of risk-reduction interventions relates to the risk-reduction effects obtained. Study 5 will evaluate the success of mass-media strategies for HIV prevention. Study 6 will compare HIV prevention effects to those obtained across public-health change literatures. Study 7 will examine how risk behaviors are caused by or cause risk related attitudes and other cognitions. By carefully summing up the evidence to date on these important and quickly growing literatures, these meta-analyses will inform public health officials, community-based interventionists, and scientists about which interventions work best, which components of interventions have the largest impact, and the circumstances under which HIV risk-reduction interventions are most likely to be successful.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的竞争性续期补助金建议综合和组织现有的知识，通过行为改变艾滋病毒传播。这种综合将通过一系列持续的七项理论指导和方法上严格的荟萃分析来实现。研究1将收集和综合评价发展中区域和国家艾滋病毒预防研究的研究报告。研究2将收集和综合评价预防注射吸毒者艾滋病毒和吸毒行为的研究。第三项研究将审查在大力减少艾滋病毒风险方面的性别差异。研究4将确定减少风险干预措施的内容与所获得的减少风险效果之间的关系。研究5将评价大众媒体预防艾滋病毒战略的成功。研究6将比较艾滋病毒预防效果与公共卫生变化文献中获得的效果。研究7将考察风险行为是如何由风险相关态度和其他认知引起的。通过仔细总结这些重要且快速增长的文献中迄今为止的证据，这些荟萃分析将告知公共卫生官员，社区干预人员和科学家哪些干预措施效果最好，干预措施的哪些组成部分影响最大，以及在何种情况下艾滋病毒风险降低干预措施最有可能取得成功。