Intergenerational Study of Verb Agreement Development in Kufr Qassem Sign Language

拟议的研究将调查动词协议作为一个形态复杂的系统，在Kufr Qassem手语（KQSL），一个严重不足的研究年轻的手语出现在大约100年前在以色列的一个小社区（Kastner等。例如，2014).动词一致系统是手语中形态复杂性的一个典型例子，因为它们具有空间形态，这是手语特有的一种形态，因为它们具有视觉空间形态。空间形态表现为使用签名者前面的物理空间来产生语言（Aronoff等人，2005年）。在手语中，同意动词在签名空间中的论元的预定位置之间移动（Meier，1982; Meir等人，2006; Padden，1988）。此外，研究发现了在新兴和年轻的手语中发现的协议系统的证据（Kegl等人，1999; Senghas，2000; Senghas等人，1997年），不像年轻的口语，如克里奥尔语（Aronoff，等。例如，2005).出现在异质性较大社区的手语通常更为成熟，并被认为是该地区的民族手语。其他手语，被称为乡村手语，出现在同质的较小社区（Meir等人，2010年）。虽然多项研究已经调查了既定符号中的动词一致性（例如，de博伊泽维尔等人，2009; Fenlon等人，2018年;梅厄，2012年），深入研究动词协议在村庄手语是稀缺的。村庄手语的特点是不同的社会动态，以及人口和社会上不同的新兴过程，这两者都影响了语言，并导致独特的语法类型和词汇（de Vos & Pfau，2015），包括动词一致系统（Aronoff et al.，2004; Zeshan，2006）。

The proposed research will investigate verb agreement as a morphologically complex system in Kufr Qassem Sign Language (KQSL), a severely under-studied young sign language which emerged around a 100 years ago in a small community in Israel (Kastner et. al., 2014).Verb agreement systems are a classic example of morphological complexity in sign languages, in that they feature spatial morphology, a type of morphology unique to sign languages due to their visualspatial modality. Spatial morphology is manifested in using the physical space in front of the signer to produce the language (Aronoff, et al., 2005). In sign languages, agreeing verbs move between predetermined location(s) of the argument(s) in the signing space (Meier, 1982; Meir et al., 2006; Padden, 1988). Additionally, studies have found evidence of agreement systems found in emerging and young sign languages (Kegl et al., 1999; Senghas, 2000; Senghas et al., 1997), unlike young spoken languages such as creoles (Aronoff, et. al., 2005).Sign languages that emerge in heterogenous larger communities are usually more established and considered the national sign languages in the region. Other sign languages, known as village sign languages, emerge in homogenous smaller communities (Meir et al., 2010). While multiple studies have investigated verb agreement in established sign (e.g. de Beuzeville et al., 2009; Fenlon et al., 2018; Meir, 2012) , in-depth studies on verb agreement in village sign languages are scarce. Village sign languages are characterized by different social dynamics, and demographically and socially different emerging process, both of which have influenced the language and led to unique grammatical typologies and lexicons (de Vos & Pfau, 2015), including verb agreement systems (Aronoff et al., 2004; Zeshan, 2006).