The effect social media is having on the micro-foundations of our models of party systems and voting behaviour

社交媒体对我们政党制度和投票行为模型的微观基础的影响

• 批准号: 2587671
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2587671
• 关键词: effect; social; media; having; micro

My research direction is to analyse the effect social media is having on the micro-foundations of our models of party systems and voting behaviour. The way people behave as political actors has been fundamentally changed by social media, whether through the way political information is accessed, or how political discourse is carried out. These changes have significant ramifications for theories of voter behaviour, which in turn has implications for theories of party system change. At the micro-level (or individual level), I hope to draw on theories, such as affective intelligence, which analyse how people decide whether they like or dislike certain parties or candidates. Affective intelligence presents a psychological model of voting behaviour through an emotional and intermittently rational process, where dispositions and anxieties develop over time, and are coped with by voting. Social media has changed how people engage with political news and discourse, altering the trends in when and how political anxiety develops, and the sources of information (from fake news to tweets by public figures) to inform the intermittent rationalism when it occurs.At the meso-level (or group/social level), how people's networks are shaped and how they form is changing due to social media: people are more interconnected, less clustered, and because of this are differently homogenous or heterogeneous (e.g. often less geographically homogenous, potentially more politically homogenous through selection). Studies on attitudes towards immigration have shown the relevance of this factor to dispositions on that issue, but exposure to other demographics and other beliefs is relevant to issues across all of political opinion. Also on the meso-level, how parties campaign and how political movements organise has changed: whether through targeted advertising, or through ad-hoc movements and petitions. Social media also serves as an immense raw data source on people's political expression, engagement with political media, and provides potential for experimental methods.At the macro-level (or aggregate level), how political 'cleavage' divisions form and shift has therefore changed from the bottom up. Whether it's how people develop opinions about issues, how their opinions spread or how they are mobilised, the theory has to be re-evaluated in light of this. With social media ethics and modern campaigning techniques coming ever more into the spotlight, we still know little about what effect, exactly, social media is having on our politics. I hope to contribute to building this understanding with my research.

我的研究方向是分析社交媒体对政党制度和投票行为模型微观基础的影响。人们作为政治行动者的行为方式已经被社交媒体从根本上改变了，无论是通过获取政治信息的方式，还是通过政治话语的方式。这些变化对选民行为理论产生了重大影响，而选民行为理论又对政党制度变化理论产生了影响。在微观层面（或个人层面），我希望利用情感智力等理论，分析人们如何决定他们是喜欢还是不喜欢某些政党或候选人。情感智力是一种投票行为的心理模型，通过情感和间歇性的理性过程，在这种过程中，性格和焦虑随着时间的推移而发展，并通过投票来应对。社交媒体改变了人们参与政治新闻和话语的方式，改变了政治焦虑何时以及如何发展的趋势，也改变了信息来源（从假新闻到公众人物的推文），以便在间歇性理性主义发生时为其提供信息。在中观层面（或群体/社会层面），由于社交媒体，人们的网络是如何形成的，它们是如何形成的正在发生变化：人们更加相互联系，更少聚集，因此不同的同质或异质（例如，通常在地理上不那么同质，通过选择可能在政治上更同质）。对移民态度的研究表明，这一因素与在移民问题上的倾向有关，但接触其他人口统计数据和其他信仰与所有政治观点的问题有关。同样在中观层面，政党竞选和政治运动的组织方式也发生了变化：无论是通过有针对性的广告，还是通过特别的运动和请愿。社交媒体也是人们政治表达、政治媒体参与的巨大原始数据源，并为实验方法提供了潜力。因此，在宏观层面（或总体层面），政治“分裂”的形成和转变方式发生了自下而上的变化。无论是人们对问题的看法是如何形成的，他们的观点是如何传播的，还是他们如何被动员起来的，这一理论都必须据此重新评估。随着社交媒体伦理和现代竞选技巧越来越受到关注，我们仍然对社交媒体对我们的政治到底有什么影响知之甚少。我希望通过我的研究对建立这种理解有所贡献。