Diet/Intramyocellular Lipid/Endurance Performance

描述(由申请人提供)： 对于这次职业发展奖的申请，我将利用和发展我过去的培训经验，这些经验包括：a)临床营养学硕士学位；b)在凤凰城NIDDK担任研究营养师的经验，在此期间我研究了食物摄入量与能量代谢之间的关系；c)亚拉巴马大学伯明翰分校获得博士学位，我的研究重点是使用31P磁共振(MR)频谱分析仪测量骨骼肌代谢；以及d)我在UAB获得博士后奖学金，在那里我使用1H磁共振光谱成像来研究膳食脂肪对心肌细胞内脂肪含量的影响。作为我的整体项目“饮食对心肌细胞内脂质、耐力表现和胰岛素敏感性的影响”的一部分，我提议学习有助于补充我现有知识/能力的研究技能。这些技能包括：a)通过生化和组织化学技术测量骨骼肌脂和糖原含量；b)通过计算机断层扫描测量肌肉脂肪渗透；c)使用1H磁共振波谱测量肝脏细胞内脂肪含量；d)使用13C-MR波谱测量碳水化合物代谢；e)通过高胰岛素正血糖钳夹测量胰岛素敏感性；f)使用稳定的同位素输注测量脂肪代谢。我还将增加基本运动生理学技术、临床研究管理和生物伦理学方面的知识。我的项目涉及三个经过同行评审和资助的个人研究(项目)。项目1将讨论耐力运动和极低脂肪或中等脂肪饮食导致的骨骼肌中储存的脂肪量的差异是否会导致耐力表现的差异。项目2将侧重于低脂肪或中等脂肪饮食对适应16周运动训练的影响。项目3将测试骨骼肌和肝脏中的脂肪含量是否与2型糖尿病患者和肥胖非糖尿病患者的腹部皮下脂肪细胞大小呈正相关，与胰岛素敏感性呈负相关。我参与这些项目将提供发展这些研究技能的绝佳机会。为了实现我的职业发展目标，我将得到以下导师的指导：Eric Ravussin博士(赞助商)、Claude Bouchard、Donna H.Ryan、David E.Kelley、Gerald I.Shulman和Mark A.Tarnopolsky(咨询赞助商)。完成这一指导培训将使我能够实现我的长期职业目标，即成为一名拥有能量和常量营养素新陈代谢专业知识的独立调查员。彭宁顿中心有充足的设备和设施来支持拟议的项目和职业发展计划。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): For this Career Development Award application, I will capitalize and build on my past training experience which includes: a) a Master's Degree in Clinical Dietetics; b) experience as a Research Dietitian at the NIDDK in Phoenix, during which I investigated the relationship between food intake and energy metabolism; c) a Doctorate Degree from the University of Alabama at Birmingham, where my research focused on the use of 31p Magnetic Resonance (MR) Spectopscopy to measure skeletal muscle metabolism; and d) a Post-doctoral Fellowship at UAB where I used 1H MR Spectroscopic Imaging to look at the impact of dietary fat on intramyocellular lipid content. As part of my overall project "Impact of Diet on Intramyocellular Lipid, Endurance Performance and Insulin Sensitivity", I am proposing to learn research skills that will help complement my current knowledge/capabilities. These skills include the technologies for measuring: a) skeletal muscle lipid and glycogen content by biochemical and histochemical techniques; b) muscle fat infiltration by computed tomography; c) intracellular lipid content in liver using 1H MR spectroscopy; d) carbohydrate metabolism using 13C- MR spectroscopy; e) insulin sensitivity by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp; and f) lipid metabolism using stable isotope infusion. I will also increase my knowledge of basic exercise physiology techniques, clinical research administration and bioethics. My project involves three individual studies (projects) that have been peer reviewed and funded. Project 1 will address whether differences in the amount of fat stored within the skeletal muscle as a result of endurance exercise and either a very-low fat or moderate-fat diet will result in differences in endurance performance. Project 2 will focus on the influence of either a low-fat or a moderate fat diet on adaptation to 16-weeks of exercise training. Project 3 will test whether lipid content in skeletal muscle and liver correlates positively with abdominal subcutaneous adipocyte size in type 2 diabetics and obese non-diabetics, and negatively with insulin sensitivity. My involvement in these projects will provide the perfect opportunity to develop these research skills. To achieve my career development goals, I will be mentored by: Drs Eric Ravussin (Sponsor), Claude Bouchard, Donna H. Ryan, David E. Kelley, Gerald I. Shulman and Mark A.Tarnopolsky (consulting sponsors). Completion of this mentored training will position me to achieve my long-term career objective of becoming an independent investigator with expertise in energy and macronutrient metabolism. There is ample equipment and facilities at the Pennington Center to support the projects and career development plan proposed.