Women as Transnational Agents in the Development of Iberian Anarchist Thought and Practices Relating to Female Bodily Autonomy in the Interwar Period

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Spain boasts the most successful anarchist movement in world history. For this reason, historians frequently treat Spanish anarchism as exceptional, at the expense of other nations' anarchist movements whose contributions to Spain's success are overlooked (Evans and Yeoman, 2016, pp.199-201). One consequence is that Portuguese anarchism has received much less attention from historians, despite the fact that the Spanish anarchists' unprecedented entry into government in 1936 was contingent on a coalition including the Federation of Iberian Anarchists which had aspired to integrate the two national movements. Historians also miss this connection by typically ending their studies of transnational anarchism around 1914, when they identify a decline in the internationalist aims of the movement (Yeoman, 2016, p.274; Bantman and Altena, 2015, pp.4-5). Anarchist press output throughout the interwar period, however, demonstrates clearly that international networking continued to be prevalent and the 'exceptional' events of 1936 - anarchists' entry into coalition government in Catalonia, and their subsequent landmark legislation legalising abortion, contraception and mass sex education - cannot be fully explained without placing them in a transnational picture. My thesis reconstructs the ecosystem of European and trans-Atlantic anarchist thought and practice.