Networks of Consumption: community, materiality and foodways along the ancient Swahili coast

项目目的：使用尖端的考古技术，利用约克大学现有的挖掘材料，探索Unguja Ukuu遗址进口和当地陶瓷的完整使用周期。它将通过岩石学和使用磨损分析确定制造和使用方法，并首次将其与通过残留物分析确定容器所含物质的方法结合起来。对公元7世纪后伊斯兰贸易网络扩张的研究量化了非洲、亚洲和欧洲使用釉面陶瓷的联系。据推测，这些陶瓷是装有高价值无形商品的容器，如葡萄酒、枣糖浆或棕榈油。没有人分析过它们实际上含有什么，也没有人分析过这些商品如何适应当地的消费或烹饪。在东非，本地和进口陶瓷都被视为精英宴请策略的一部分。然而，对贸易和当地动态的研究并没有通过探索进口食品和当地食品的烹饪或使用方式来联系起来。考古陶瓷研究现在提供了识别陶瓷生产和使用模式的潜力，提供了烹饪和消费的详细信息。桑给巴尔的Unguja Ukuu是一个重要的案例研究，作为一个以利用贸易机会为导向的社会，它与整个东非的消费网络有着紧密的联系。目的和方法本研究将利用在约克保存的桑给巴尔Unguja Ukuu的现有出土组合。完整的背景数据是可用的，允许采样跨陶瓷类型和沉积背景。这将控制再利用，特别是进口船只的再利用。1)回顾关于东非陶瓷生产和使用的现有知识，借鉴陶瓷类型学和关于饮食的考古植物/动物数据。2)将Unguja Ukuu的陶瓷组合分类为功能类型学东非和海湾地区存在既定的类型学，但不包括制造和使用的细节。陶瓷将被组织成类型类别，并分析宏观和使用高倍显微镜来识别生产集群和可能功能的信息。3)调查使用来自Unguja Ukuu的进口和本地船只的食品和菜系。将实施完善的协议，以a)同位素区分来自肉类，植物，乳制品和水生脂肪的脂肪酸，b)来自葡萄/石榴/罗罗子/枣等产品的目标水果衍生有机酸，c)根据脂肪酸和三酰甘油分布区分植物油（棕榈，橄榄等）。我们会分析本地船只（100艘）和进口船只（100艘）的代表性样本，以确定其原始成分；数量足以允许检查不同的上下文、子形式和保存条件。BioArCh学生预算将用于购买基本消耗品。4)将Unguja Ukuu产生的数据与印度洋的比较框架联系起来，将Unguja Ukuu与东非和印度洋世界的其他地点进行比较。这将允许高分辨率的结果外推到类似的陶瓷已经确定，但不受详细分析的位置。这将使用Wynne-Jones之前收集的数据，以及英国、东非和海湾地区的博物馆藏品。关于非洲和国际背景下的研究成果以及方法的学术文章，包括岩石学、使用磨损和识别贸易中的食品（酒、枣、棕榈油）和当地陶瓷（小米、大米）。为今后陶瓷研究提供岩石学和使用磨损参考资料。作为现有uy合作的一部分，在桑给巴尔博物馆展出（每年18万游客）。为英国和坦桑尼亚的学校制作在线教育资源

Project AimUse cutting-edge archaeometric techniques to explore the full cycle of use for imported and local ceramics at the site of Unguja Ukuu, using existing excavated materials at the University of York. It will identify methods of manufacture and use through petrographic and use-wear analysis and for the first time put this together with identification of what the vessels contained through residue analysis. RationaleStudies of the post-7th century AD expansion of Islamic trading networks have quantified connections using glazed ceramics across Africa, Asia, and Europe. It is assumed that these ceramics were containers carrying high-value invisible commodities such as wine, date syrup or palm oil. There has been no analysis of what they actually contained or how these commodities fitted into local consumption or cuisine. Both local and imported ceramics have been seen as part of elite feasting strategies in East Africa. Yet, studies of trade and of local dynamics have not been connected through exploration of how imported and local foodstuffs were cooked or used.Archaeometric ceramic studies now offer potential to identify patterns of production and use for ceramics, giving detailed information on cuisine and consumption. Unguja Ukuu in Zanzibar is an important case study, as a society oriented towards exploiting opportunities for trade yet with a dense web of connections to consumption networks throughout East Africa. Objectives and methodsThe research will draw on an existing excavated assemblage from Unguja Ukuu, Zanzibar held at York. Full contextual data are available, allowing sampling across ceramic types and contexts of deposition. This will control for reuse, particularly of imported vessels.1) Review of existing knowledge on production and use of ceramics in East AfricaDraw on ceramic typologies and on archaeobotanical/faunal data on diet.2) Categorise the ceramic assemblage from Unguja Ukuu into functional typologiesEstablished typologies exist from East Africa and the Gulf, but do not include detail on manufacture and use. Ceramics will be organised into typological categories and analysed both macroscopically and using high-powered microscopy to identify clusters of production and information on probable function.3) Investigate the foodstuffs and cuisines for which imported and local vessels from Unguja Ukuu were usedWell-established protocols will be implemented to a) isotopically distinguish fatty acids derived from meat, plant, dairy and aquatic fats, b) target fruit-derived organic acids from products such as grape/pomegranate/tamarind/date, c) distinguish plant oils (palm, olive etc) based on their fatty acid and triacylglycerol distributions. A representative sample of local (100) and imported vessels (100) will be analysed to determine their original contents; a number sufficient to allow examination of different contexts, sub-forms and preservation conditions. The BioArCh student budget will be used to purchase essential consumables. 4) Link the data produced from Unguja Ukuu to a comparative Indian Ocean frameworkComparisons will be made between Unguja Ukuu, other sites in East Africa and the Indian Ocean world. This will allow the high resolution results to be extrapolated to locations where similar ceramics have been identified but not subjected to detailed analysis. This will use data previously gathered by Wynne-Jones, museum collections in the UK, East Africa & the Gulf.Outcomes1. Academic articles on outcomes of research in African and international contexts, and on methods, including petrography, use-wear and identifying foodstuffs in trade (wine, dates, palm oil) and local ceramics (millet, rice).2. Petrographic and use-wear reference collection for future ceramics research3. Display at the Zanzibar Museums (180,000 visitors/year) as part of existing UoY collaboration4. Production of educational online resources for UK and Tanzanian schools