Bridge structures with zero emissions

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The Bridge structures with zero emissions project is with MTC. For the construction industry, the two critical challenges presented by the Absolute Zero report are the closure of all blast-furnace steel production and the fact that we have no scalable practical alternatives to Portland cement. Further implications change the context of construction, there won't be enough emissions-free electricity to support electric vehicles at today's levels and consequently demand for public transport will rise. What does this mean for the future of bridge construction?The proposed PhD would be "T-shaped" - a first year scoping the topic broadly, sampling industrial opinion, and identifying possible technical interventions. Years two and three would then aim at more technical projects - looking in detail at technological interventions that show the most promise from the results of the first year. Two example key technical questions that arise as we think about zero emissions bridges and could be of real interest and value are:How can we ground a bridge without cement/ concrete. For example, what are the durability implications of steel attachments? What of vibrations, etc.What is the maximum performance would could get from constructing bridges with emissions-free materials: for example, what is the optimal stone bridge, if built with waterjet-cut stone, and very precise geometry? What is the tallest, strongest timber bridge possible?