Resource Flows Among Three Generations in Guatemala

危地马拉三代人之间的资源流动

• 批准号: 7095294
• 负责人: JOHN HODDINOTT
• 金额: $ 38.5万
• 依托单位: INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7095294
• 关键词: Guatemala; academic achievement; behavioral /social science research tag; child (0-11); child psychology; clinical research; cognition; developmental nutrition; functional ability; gender difference; generation difference; health care policy; health care service availability; human data; human old age (65+); human subject; interdisciplinary collaboration; longitudinal human study; mental health; preference; public health; quality of life; questionnaires; satisfaction; siblings; socioeconomics; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rising proportions of elderly persons in developing countries are coinciding with slow progress in addressing poor levels of nutrition, schooling and health amongst young people. In both public and private domains, critical investments in children increasingly compete with the need to support elderly parents. Within this context, the objective of this study is to advance understanding of the role played by public policy, private resources, preferences, exogenous shocks and markets - and the interactions amongst these factors - in the allocation of resources across three generations in Guatemala. The setting is four villages in the Orient (Eastern) region and the localities to where people from these communities migrated. A unique feature of our interdisciplinary study - our research team draws anthropology, demography, economics, epidemiology, nutrition, and psychology - is that it builds upon more than 30 years of data collection and interaction with these communities. Together with survey work undertaken as part of this study, we will have data on the allocation of resources across three generations: elderly parents, their children who are now themselves middle-aged parents and their grandchildren. Ours will be the first study to link prospectively collected data on investments in children's human capital with subsequent transfers and investments between these individuals and both their aging parents and with their own offspring. Middle-aged parents face a trade-off in the allocation of time to work, to elder and child care, and to leisure and in the allocation of income to their own consumption, to meeting the consumption needs of their elderly parents, and investments in the human capital of their children. Accordingly, analysis focuses on how this allocation problem is conditioned by factors such as: altruism; resources available to elderly parents and their middle-aged children; access to markets for capital and for services; shocks - including health shocks - experienced by all three generations; attitudes towards inequality in outcomes amongst children and the extent of their replication across generations. We adopt a broad view of these allocations, considering transfers of money, goods, care and attention and co-residence. We consider how these interactions are gender-differentiated and how siblings resolve the collective action problem associated with caring for elderly parents. We also analyze the consequences of these interactions for the well-being of the elderly and the young. Well-being is broadly defined to include for the elderly: physical and mental health, access to preventive/curative health care as well satisfaction with health status, social resources, and economic resources. For the young, we consider health status, nutrition, schooling progress and cognitive development.

描述(申请人提供)：发展中国家老年人比例上升的同时，解决年轻人营养、教育和健康水平低下的问题进展缓慢。在公共和私人领域，对儿童的关键投资日益与赡养年迈父母的需要相竞争。在这方面，这项研究的目的是增进对公共政策、私人资源、偏好、外生冲击和市场--以及这些因素之间的相互作用--在危地马拉三代人之间分配资源方面的作用的了解。背景是东方(东部)地区的四个村庄和这些社区的人迁徙到的地方。我们的研究团队吸收了人类学、人口学、经济学、流行病学、营养学和心理学的知识，这是我们跨学科研究的一个独特之处，它建立在30多年来与这些社区的数据收集和互动的基础上。连同作为这项研究的一部分进行的调查工作，我们将获得关于三代人资源分配的数据：年迈的父母、他们的子女(现在也是中年父母)和他们的孙辈。我们的研究将首次将前瞻性收集的儿童人力资本投资数据与这些人及其年迈的父母和他们自己的后代之间随后的转移和投资联系起来。 中年父母在分配时间工作、照顾老人和儿童、休闲和将收入分配给自己的消费、满足年迈父母的消费需求以及对子女人力资本的投资方面面临着权衡。因此，分析的重点是这一分配问题如何受到以下因素的制约：利他主义；年迈的父母及其中年子女可以获得的资源；获得资本和服务的市场的机会；三代人都经历过的冲击--包括健康冲击；对儿童结果不平等的态度及其代代相传的程度。我们对这些分配采取了广泛的看法，考虑了资金、货物、护理和关注以及共同居住的转移。我们考虑这些互动是如何性别区分的，以及兄弟姐妹如何解决与照顾年迈的父母相关的集体行动问题。我们还分析了这些互动对老年人和年轻人福祉的影响。幸福的广义定义包括：老年人的身心健康、获得预防/治疗保健的机会以及对健康状况、社会资源和经济资源的满意度。对于年轻人，我们考虑健康状况、营养、学业进步和认知发展。