Assessment and mitigation of Hydrogen fuelled vehicle hazards

阿尔斯特大学氢安全工程与研究中心（HySAFER）是全球高质量氢安全研究、工程和教育的主要提供者之一。氢安全工程研究的主要领域是氢安全工程模型的开发。该博士研究项目将专注于缩小知识差距，解决与氢燃料运输相关的高压储氢安全相关的技术瓶颈。HySAFER团队从其在英国和欧洲著名的行业驱动研究项目的合作中汲取实际工程需求。需要新型工程模型的领域包括但不限于：预测大范围油箱容积（汽车、轻型货车、重型货车）的油箱结构热状况、油箱建筑材料（不同的复合材料、衬垫、热防护方案）、油箱非设计状况（火灾、排气）等。这是oem在安全背景下特别感兴趣的，防止因压力阀失效而导致的火灾中罐破裂的时间，模拟火灾中罐破裂的火球大小和火球热危害，包括在开放空间和会计车辆结构中；爆炸波传播模型及隧道和封闭环境中高压罐破裂相关压力危害评估；与减压阀释放有关的点燃射流火灾的热和压力危险。合适的候选人应具有物理背景，包括基本的传热传质，燃烧等。研究将包括对相关物理现象的分析、对现有最先进技术的回顾、基于基本原理的新型物理模型的开发、模型的实现、验证模拟和验证活动的实验数据的识别。据设想，这个博士研究项目将有助于开发创新的预防和缓解战略以及氢系统和基础设施的工程解决方案。研究成果预计将在同行评审的期刊出版物和会议投稿中发表。HySAFER是欧盟资助的免费在线氢安全电子实验室（https://fch2edu.eu/home/e-laboratory）模型的主要贡献者。候选人将加入HySAFER团队，参与前沿研究和交付外部资助的项目。预计新模型将使用上述氢安全电子实验室的现有协议和编程惯例实施。熟悉流行的web框架，前端和后端编程语言和技术，如Python， c++, Django， PHP， Java和JavaScript等。有数值建模技术背景，可以使用CFD等现代工具进行在线实验室简化模型的验证。

Hydrogen Safety Engineering and Research Centre (HySAFER) at Ulster University is one of the key providers of high-quality hydrogen safety research, engineering and education globally. Main area of HySAFER research is development of models for hydrogen safety engineering. This PhD research project will focus on closing knowledge gaps and addressing technological bottlenecks associated with safety of high-pressure hydrogen storage relevant to hydrogen-fuelled transport. HySAFER team draws on practical engineering needs from its collaboration in prestigious UK and European industry-driven research projects. Areas where novel engineering models are required include, but not limited to:predicting thermal condition of tank structure across a wide range of tank volumes (car, LGV, HGV), tank construction materials (different composites, liners, thermal protection solutions), tank off-design conditions (fire, blowdown), etc.safe fuelling and defueling of modelling onboard tanks fuelling and defueling, which is of particular interest to OEMs in safety context,time to prevention of tank rupture in a fire due to pressure valve failure,simulation of fireball size and fireball thermal hazards from tank rupture in a fire, both in open space and accounting vehicle structure;modelling of blast wave propagation and assessment of pressure hazards associated with high-pressure tank rupture in tunnels and confined enclosures;thermal and pressure hazards of ignited jet fires associated with releases from pressure relieve valve.The suitable candidate should have background in physics, including fundamental heat and mass transfer, combustion, etc. The research will include analysis of relevant physical phenomena, review of existing state-of-the-art, development of novel physical model(s) based on fundamental principles, model implementation, identification of experimental data for validation of simulations and validation campaign. It is envisaged that this PhD research project will contribute to development of innovative prevention and mitigation strategies and engineering solutions for hydrogen systems and infrastructure. Research results are expected to be presented in peer-reviewed journal publications and conference contributions.HySAFER is the major contributor of models to EU funded free access online e-Laboratory of Hydrogen Safety (https://fch2edu.eu/home/e-laboratory). The candidate will join HySAFER team involved in leading-edge research and delivering externally funded projects. It is expected that the new models will be implemented using existing protocol and programming convention of mentioned above e-Laboratory of Hydrogen Safety. Knowledge of popular web frameworks, programming languages and technologies for Front-end and Back-end is desirable e.g. Python, C++, Django, PHP, Java and JavaScript etc. Exposure to numerical modelling techniques is welcome as the candidate could use contemporary tools like CFD for verification of reduced models for online laboratory.