DNA segregation during Bacillus growth and development

芽孢杆菌生长和发育过程中的 DNA 分离

• 批准号: 7147786
• 负责人: JOSEPH A POGLIANO
• 金额: $ 28.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7147786
• 关键词: Bacillus megaterium; Bacillus subtilis; actins; bacterial genetics; chromosome movement; genetic regulatory element; laboratory rabbit; method development; microfilaments; microorganism growth; nucleic acid sequence; plasmids; protein localization; site directed mutagenesis; spores; tubulin

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this application is to identify plasmid DNA partitioning systems that are active during both vegetative growth and sporulation in two different species of Bacillus. New tools for elucidating the mechanisms underlying plasmid segregation will be developed using the model organism B. subtilis, and then applied to B. megaterium. Utilizing two different Bacillus strains to study this problem will allow us to take advantage of the unique strengths that each organism and its indigenous plasmids offer, while maintaining a focused goal of understanding how conserved elements of the microbial DNA segregation machinery functions during sporulation to ensure that every spore inherits at least one copy of the plasmid. Plasmid segregation during sporulation provides an attractive system for studying DNA segregation because: 1) both the plasmids and the sporulation process are not nonessential; 2) the nearly 10 fold smaller volume of the forespore compared to the mothercell demands an efficient plasmid partitioning system; 3) cell-specific transcription factors become active during sporulation, allowing the development of powerful genetic and cell biology assays for DNA segregation during sporulation; and 4) many Bacillus plasmids do not encode proteins related to either the ParA or ParM families of plasmid segregation proteins, suggesting that novel partitioning mechanisms are at work. Since a wide variety of virulence factors are encoded on plasmids in pathogenic strains of Bacillus, understanding how plasmids are transmitted from one generation to the next is important for understanding the evolution and spread these key virulence determinants. These studies will allow the development of better genetic tools and plasmid vectors useful for manipulating many Bacillus species.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的目的是鉴定在两种不同芽孢杆菌属物种的营养生长和孢子形成期间均具有活性的质粒DNA分配系统。将使用模式生物B开发阐明质粒分离机制的新工具。枯草杆菌，然后施加到B。巨大的利用两种不同的芽孢杆菌菌株来研究这个问题将使我们能够利用每种生物及其固有质粒提供的独特优势，同时保持一个集中的目标，即了解微生物DNA分离机制的保守元件在孢子形成过程中如何发挥作用，以确保每个孢子继承至少一个质粒拷贝。孢子形成过程中的质粒分离为研究DNA分离提供了一个有吸引力的系统，因为：1）质粒和孢子形成过程都不是不必要的; 2）与母细胞相比，前孢子的体积小近10倍，需要有效的质粒分配系统; 3）细胞特异性转录因子在孢子形成期间变得活跃，允许开发用于孢子形成期间DNA分离的强大遗传和细胞生物学测定;和4）许多芽孢杆菌属质粒不编码与质粒分离蛋白的帕拉或ParM家族相关的蛋白质，这表明新的分配机制正在起作用。由于芽孢杆菌致病菌株中的质粒编码多种毒力因子，因此了解质粒如何从一代传递到下一代对于了解这些关键毒力决定因素的进化和传播非常重要。这些研究将允许开发更好的遗传工具和质粒载体，用于操纵许多芽孢杆菌属物种。